click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
IGHS Winkels
Biology Chapter 10
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Cell division | the process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells |
Mitosis | the first stage, division of the cell nucleus |
Cytokinesis | the second stage,division of the cytoplasm |
Chromatids | each chromosome consists of these two identical "sisters" after each chromosome is replicated, or copied |
Centromeres | where each pair of chromatids is attached |
Interphase | "in-between" period of growth in cell division/DNA is replicated/the cell grows |
Cell cycle | is the series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide |
Prophase | the first and longest phase of mitosis/the chromosomes become visible |
Centrioles | two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope |
Spindle | a fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes |
Metaphase | the second phase of mitosis/the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell |
Anaphase | the third phase/the centromeres that join the sister chromatids split, allowing the sisters to become individual chromosomes |
Telophase | the fourth and final phase/the chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material |
Cyclin | regulates the cell cycle |
Cancer | a disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth |
As a cell becomes larger | volume increases faster than its surface area |
As a cell grows, it | places more demand on its DNA/uses up food and oxygen more quickly |
Problems that growth causes for cells | DNA overload/Expelling waste |
If a cell's DNA were not copied before cell division, the cell could | be stopped from dividing by cyclins |
When a cell divides | each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell's DNA |
Phases of mitosis | Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
Plant cells | have a cell plate |
Contact with other cells | can stop cell from growing |
In eukaryote cells, the timing of the cell cycle is regulated by | Cyclins |
Cancer cells form masses of cells called | Tumors |