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kwiles C12
X linked traits and pedigrees
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three human diseases that are X-linked recessive. | Hemophilia, D. Muscular Dystrophy and Colorblindness |
| Who discovered sex linked traits ? | Thomas Hunt Morgan |
| What organism did Morgan study ? | Fruit Flys |
| Can there be female carriers in an X linked recessive pedigree? | yes |
| Can there be male carriers in an Xlinked recessive pedigree? | no |
| Can fathers give their sons hemophilia? | no |
| Are fathers wholly responsible for giving their daughters hemophilia ? | no ... mom has to donate an X chromosome with the recessive hemophilia allele on it too because the daughter is a GIRL with two X , sex chromosomes |
| What is the pedigree symbol for incest? | Double line between a square and circle. |
| List the disease we have covered in class that you would expect to show both male and female carriers in a pedigree. | PKU, Cystic Fibrois, Sickle Cell Anemia, and Tay Sachs. These are all autosomal recessive disorders |
| What is the basic problem with people that have PKU? | They lack the correct gene that codes for a protein that metabolizes the amino acid phenylalanine....could lead to blindness and even death. |
| If someone carries the allele for Sickle Cell Anemia and is heterozygous for the trait... what disease are they usually immune to ? | malaria |
| What is the basic problem with someone that has Hunningtons disease? | brain and nervous tissue degrade and it is 100 percent fatal. |
| What would you expect a pedigree of six generations of Hunningtons disease to look like? | Because it is autosomal dominant there would be no carriers for the disease. They would either have it or not . |
| What is the pattern of inheritance for Marfans Syndrome? | autosomal dominant |
| What is the basic problem with someone with Marfans syndrome? | Problem with connective tissue in joints, long hands and limbs, but normally live a slightly reduced life span. |
| Blood type is an example of what kind of trait? | Multiple allele. One gene with MORE than two alleles. |
| How many blood type alleles are possible? | three. ( i, A and B ) |
| True or False- The A allele is co-dominant to the i allele? | false |
| A person with type B antigens on RBC's can receive what blood types? | Type B and type O |
| What kind of antibodies occur in the plasma of someone with type AB blood? | none |
| Can you give Rh + blood to a negative person ? | no |
| Can you give Rh- blood to a negative person? | no |
| Describe some possible reasons for aminocentesis and chorionic villi sampling? | make karyotypes and test for genetic disease. |
| What is a zygote? | The first cell of a new organism after the sperm fuses it's nucleus with and egg's |
| What is a gamete? | Sex cell that is haploid in chromosome number... a sperm or eggs cell. |
| List all genotypes possible for blood type | see notes |
| Draw a pedigree of a man with colorblindness that has 2 boys and two girls none of which have colorblindness with a woman who is known to be homozygous dominant for colorvision. | see notes. |
| Which disease do we include chromosomes in the problem when we work a punnet square? | any of the three X linked recessive disorders... colorblindness, hemophila, DMD, eye color in fruit flys |
| What is the pattern of nheritance for Sickle Cell Anemia | Autosomal recessive |
| What is the basic problem with someone that has Cystic Fibrosis/ | Overdevelopment of thick, sticky mucus that covers lungs, kidneys and other organs |
| What is the basic problem with a person that has Tay-Sachs? | Nervous system degrade. |
| What is the pattern of inheritance for Tay- Sachs ? | Autosomal recessive |
| What blood types can you give an AB + person | Anything |
| Who can receive type O- blood? | Everyone |
| What is the basic problem with a person who has Hemophillia? | Blood clotting disorder. |
| Define gross chromosomal mutations | Mutations that effect the entire chromosome. |
| Describe Deletion | part of the chromosome is missing |
| Describe inversion | see book |
| Describe translocation | see book |
| A man is heterozygous for Sickcle Cell Anemia. An marries a normal woman. What are the chances of passing the sickle cell allele on to potential kids. | 50 percent chance but they will be carriers. |
| What is the pedigree symbol for a male king/ | square with crown over it. |
| What is the symbol for an adopted kid/ | diamond |
| How do you indicate a person who died in a pedigree? | put an X over the shape |
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kwiles
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