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GI system hormones

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Anytime you see, hear, think, smell, desire food you create what? Alkaline tide you actually prod. HCl also but alkaline tide is important. The bicarb goes into the blood stream from carbonic acid (H2CO3) the Hydrogen ion complexes with Cl and transported to lumen as HCl all done by the parietal cells
Where are Brunner's glands located in GI tract? At the 1st part of the duodenum right after the Duod. sphincter and a few before the sphincter.
The function of Brunner's glands is? Alkalinize chyme coming in from the stomach to protect by increasing chymes pH this allows enzymes to work and protects lining from acid lyses.
We know that the stomach has a pH of ~2.0 and i breaksdown the food ingested, what is its real function down to the molecular level? To breakdown proteins to their basic forms of AA so cells can use them to build new proteins.
What causes the gall bladder to contract? CCK (cholecystikinin)
The substance that cause the GB to contract is produced by? I cells (Fat, Female, Forty, Fertile, Fispanic that says ayyyy! when she has a stone ayy! for I cell.
Where is gastrin produced? In the antrum down in the pits
What is the function of Gastrin? stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility
Cells in the body of the stomach are? Epithelial c., Mucous c., Parietal c., Chief c. in order from lumen down to pit.
The formation of ulcers is many times due to a microorganism but what causes the real problem of ulcer formation? barrier loss
What hormone allows the relaxation of sphincters? VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide)
What are the cells in the antrum of the stomach? Epithelial c., Mucous c., and G cells, in order from lumen down the crypt
What do the mucous cells produce? mucus, pepsinogen and bicarb
What do the parietal cells produce? HCl & Intrinsic factor
The chief cells produce? Pepsinogen
How does gastrin get to the parietal cells? prod by the G cells and goes to Blood stream.
Hunger pangs are also known as borborygmy what causes this and why? this is caused by motilin and occurs every ~90min and it is a way of clearing away any residual food in stomach in search of glucose sources. It means you are now hypoglycemic.
Brunner's glands are in what tissue layer of GI tract? Submucosa
Which Peptic ulcer can be implicated in weight loss? Gastric ulcers. Pain worse during meal. recall think, smell, see, desire food...HCl production=pain
What is the common culprit in PUD? H. pylori at 70% in Gastric ulcers.
Which peptic ulcer is associated with pain 30 min after meals and at night? Duodenal ulcers. assoc. with wt gain, the food helps relieve pain.
What is the common culprit in PUD? H. pylori 90% in Duodenal ulcers.
Of the 2 types of ulcers, which one is associated with CA risk? Peptic ulcers at 20% risk factor, Duodenal ulcers are <1% CA risk. So Peptic get Endoscopy all patients with biopsy.
Which test confirms H. pylori? CLO test, the breath test helps confirm successful treatment
How do you treat PUD? 2 antibiotics and 1 PPI and follow with breathtest.
The protection of the GI tract is by mucus and on top of mucus sits a substance called glycocalyx, what is this subst composed of? Lactase, Sucrase, Maltase, Alpha-dextrinase
The substance in the glycocalyx can be negatively affected by what condition? Stress, NSAIDS.
The most common primary disacharidase deficiency is? Sucrase...hmmm! maybe it is why they give sucralfate? lactase deficiency is 2nd most common secibdart dissach. deficiency.
Created by: sxirsrick
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