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Chapter 15
Body Mechanics and Safe Resident Handling, Positioning, and Transfers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Body _______________ means using the body in an efficient and careful way. | Mechanics |
| Body ________________ is the way the head, trunk, arms and legs are aligned with one another. | Alignment |
| The base of ______________ is the area on which an object rests. | Support |
| Stand with your feet _____________ for a wider base of support and more balance. | Apart |
| Your _________________ and largest muscles are in your shoulders, upper arms, hips and thighs. | Strongest |
| For good body mechanics you should _____________ your knees and squat to lift a heavy object. | Bend |
| For good body mechanics you should hold items ___________ to your body and base of support. | Close |
| What is the science of designing a job to fit the worker? | Ergonomics |
| Rules for good body mechanics includes keeping your body in good _______________ with a wide base of support. | Alignment |
| Rules for good body mechanics include keeping an __________ working posture. | Upright |
| Rules for good body mechanics includes using the stronger and larger ______________ in your shoulders, upper arms, thighs, and hips. | Muscles |
| Rules for good body mechanics includes keeping items close to your _____________ when you lift, move, or carry them. | Body |
| Rules for good body mechanics includes avoiding unnecessary _______________ and reaching. | Bending |
| Rules for good body mechanics include ______________ the bed so it is close to your waist. | Raising |
| Rules for good body mechanics includes facing your ____________ area. | Work |
| Rules for good body mechanics includes pushing, pulling or sliding heavy objects instead of _____________ them. | Lifting |
| Which is easier, pushing or pulling? | Pushing |
| Use both _______________ and arms when you lift, move, or carry objects. | Hands |
| Rules for good body mechanics includes turning your whole ______________ when changing the direction of your movement. | Body |
| Rules for good body mechanics includes working with smooth, even ________________. | Movements |
| Rules for good body mechanics include not lifting objects higher than _____________ level. | Chest |
| Work related muscular skeletal disorders (MSDs) are ______________ and disorders of the muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, and cartilage. | Injuries |
| MSDs often affect the arms and _____________. | Back |
| MSDs can develop _____________ over weeks, months and years. | Slowly |
| MSDs can also occur from _________ event. | One |
| According to the U.S. Department of Labor, who is at a great risk for MSDs? | Nursing assistants |
| Always _____________ a work-related injury as soon as possible. | Report |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include ______________ to and from beds, chairs, wheelchairs, Geri-chairs, toilets, stretchers, and bathtubs. | Transfers |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include trying to stop a person from ______________. | Falling |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include ______________ up a person from the floor to the bed. | Picking |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include lifting ____________. | Alone |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include lifting persons who are __________________ or uncooperative. | Confused |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include lifting persons who cannot support their own ___________. | Weight |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include lifting _____________ persons. | Heavy |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include _____________ a person up in bed. | Moving |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include _______________ a person in a bed or in a chair. | Re-positioning |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include ____________ an incontinence product. | Changing |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include making ____________. | Beds |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include _______________ and undressing a person. | Dressing |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include _________________ a person in bed. | Feeding |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include giving a bed ___________. | Bath |
| Tasks known to be a high risk for MSDs include applying _______________ stockings. | Elastic |
| The risk of MSDs increases if risk factors are _____________. | Combined |
| What is the amount of physical effort needed to perform a task? | Force |
| A repeating ________________ is performing the same motion or series of motions continually or frequently. | Action |
| Awkward ________________ is assuming positions that place stress on the body. | Postures |
| Regular ______________ changes and good alignment promote comfort and well-being. | Position |
| When a person is properly aligned ____________ is easier and circulation is promoted. | Breathing |
| Regular position changes and good alignment help prevent pressure ulcers and __________________. | Contractures |
| A person is re-positioned every ___________ hours whether restrained in a bed or chair. | Two |
| To safely position a person you should use good body ____________. | Mechanics |
| To safely position a person you should ask a ________________ to help you if you need it. | Co-worker |
| To safely position a person you should ________________ the procedure to the person. | Explain |
| To safely position a person you should use ________________ as directed by the nurse for support and alignment. | Pillows |
| To safely position a person you should place the ________ ___________ within reach after positioning. | Call light |
| To safely position a person you should complete a __________ check before leaving the room. | Safety |
| What position is a semi-sitting position in which the head of the bed is raised between 45 and 60 degrees? | Fowler's |
| Persons with heart and respiratory disorders usually ____________ easier in Fowler's position. | Breath |
| What is the back lying position called? | Supine |
| What is another name for the dorsal recumbent position? | Supine |
| In what position does the person lie on their abdomen with the head turned to one side? | Prone |
| Most older persons cannot tolerate the prone position due to limited range of motion in their ___________. | Neck |
| In addition to the prone position, which other position is uncomfortable for most older persons? | Sims |
| In what position does the person lie on one side or the other; also called the side-lying position? | Lateral |
| In which position does the person lie on their left side with the upper leg sharply flexed in front of the the lower leg and the lower arm is behind the person? | Sims |
| Persons who sit in chairs must hold their upper bodies and ___________ erect. | Head |
| For good alignment when sitting in a chair the person's back and buttocks are against the ____________ of the chair. | Back |
| For good alignment when sitting in a chair the person's feet are ____________ on the floor or wheelchair footplates. | Flat |
| For good alignment when sitting in a chair the person's knees and calves are slightly _______________ from the edge of the seat. | Away |
| Some people require ______________ supports if they cannot keep their upper bodies erect. | Postural |
| What is it called when you move a person from one place to another? | Transfer |
| To safely handle, move, and transfer a person, the nurse and the health team determine the person's _______________ level. | Dependence |
| To safely handle, move, and transfer a person, the nurse and the health team determine the amount of _______________ needed. | Assistance |
| To safely handle, move, and transfer a person, the nurse and the health team determine what _______________ to use. | Procedure |
| To safely handle, move, and transfer a person, the nurse and the health team determine what __________________ is needed. | Equipment |
| Many older persons have osteoporosis or _____________ which makes it more difficult to handle, move and transfer the person. | Arthritis |
| Older people may have fragile ______________ and joints. | Bones |
| Friction and shearing can injure the _______________. | Skin |
| What is the rubbing of one surface against another called? | Friction |
| What is it called when the skin sticks to a surface while the muscles slide in the direction the body is moving? | Shearing |
| To reduce friction and shearing when moving a person in bed you should ____________ the person whenever possible. | Roll |
| To reduce friction and shearing when moving a person in bed you should use friction-reducing _______________. | Devices |
| When moving a person in bed, the bed should be ________________. | Raised |
| Before moving a person in bed, you need information from the nurse and care plan about the persons position _____________ and restrictions. | Limits |
| Before moving a person in bed, you need information from the nurse and care plan about how far you can _____________ the head of the bed. | Lower |
| Before moving a person in bed, you need information from the nurse and care plan about any limits in the person's ability to ____________ or be re-positioned. | Move |
| Before moving a person in bed, you need information from the nurse and care plan about what ________________ is needed. | Equipment |
| Before moving a person in bed, you need information from the nurse and care plan about whether the person uses ________ __________. | Bed rails |
| Before moving a person in bed, you need information from the nurse and care plan about how to _______________ the person. | Position |
| Before moving a person in bed, you need information from the nurse and care plan about what ______________ can be removed before moving the person. | Pillows |
| To move a person up in bed you should _____________ the head of the bed to a level appropriate for the person. | Lower |
| To safely move a person up in bed you should always ____________ the bed wheels. | Lock |
| When moving a person up in bed with an assist device the underpad must be strong enough to support the person's ______________. | Weight |
| When moving a person up in bed with an assist device the underpad must extend from under the person's head to above the ____________ or lower. | Knees |
| When moving a person up in bed with an assist device the underpad must be ____________ enough for you and other staff to get a firm grip. | Wide |
| When moving the person to the side of the bed in segments, what part of the body do you move first? | Upper |
| When moving the person to the side of the bed in segments, what part of the body do you move second? | Lower |
| When moving the person to the side of the bed in segments, what part of the body do you move last? | Legs |
| When moving the person to the side of the bed you should first ask them to cross their arms over their ______________. | Chest |
| What is it called when you turn a person as a unit, in alignment, with one motion while keeping the spine straight? | Logrolling |
| Logrolling is used to turn persons with arthritic ___________ or knees. | Spines |
| Logrolling is used to turn persons recovering from ________ fractures. | Hip |
| Logrolling is used to turn persons with ___________ _____________ injuries. | Spinal cord |
| Logrolling is used to turn persons recovering from _____________ surgery. | Spinal |
| Two or three staff members are needed to _____________ a person. | Logroll |
| After spinal cord injury or surgery, the spine must be kept ________________. | Straight |
| A ______________ is normally not used for persons with a spinal cord injury or recovering from spinal surgery. | Pillow |
| What is it called when a resident sits on the side of the bed? | Dangling |
| Dangling is important because many older persons become _________ or faint when getting out of bed too fast. | Dizzy |
| Some persons may need to dangle for one to __________ minutes before walking or transferring. | Five |
| If dizziness or fainting occurs, you should __________ the person down. | Lay |
| Before dangling a person you need certain information from the nurse or the care plan including areas of _____________. | Weakness |
| Before dangling a person you need certain information from the nurse or the care plan including the person's ______________ level. | Dependence |
| Before dangling a person you need certain information from the nurse or the care plan including the amount of ____________ the person needs. | Help |
| Before dangling a person you need certain information from the nurse or the care plan including if you need a ____________ to help you. | Co-worker |
| Before dangling a person you need certain information from the nurse or the care plan including the ______________ of the bed. | Position |
| Before dangling a person you need certain information from the nurse or the care plan including what _____________ the person needs to perform while dangling. | Exercises |
| Before dangling a person you need certain information from the nurse or the care plan including if the person will walk or transfer to a ______________ after dangling. | Chair |
| Problems with sitting and __________ often occur after illness, injury, surgery, and bedrest. | Balance |
| The person wears ____________ footwear for transfers. | Non-skid |
| Before transfers you need to ______________ bed and wheelchair wheels. | Lock |
| When transferring the person must not put his or her arms around your _____________. | Neck |
| If not using a mechanical assist device, using a _________________ belt is the preferred method for transfers. | Transfer |
| When transferring a person out of bed, the person needs to get out of bed on her ____________ side. | Strong |
| When transferring a person, which side of their body moves first? | Strong |
| You can use a stand and pivot transfer if the person's legs are strong enough to bear some or all of his or her ______________. | Weight |
| You can use a stand and pivot transfer if the person is ______________ and can follow directions. | Cooperative |
| You can use a stand and pivot transfer if the person can ____________ with the transfer. | Assist |
| When transferring a person to the wheelchair you should place the wheelchair at the head of the bed on the person's ______________ side. | Strong |
| When transferring a person using a mechanical lift you will use a standard full sling for ________________ transfers. | Normal |
| When transferring a person using a mechanical lift you will use an extended length sling for persons with extra large ___________. | Thighs |
| When transferring a person using a mechanical lift you will use a ______________ sling to transfer the person directly from the bed or chair into a bathtub. | Bathing |
| When using a toileting sling, the bottom of the sling is _____________. | Open |
| For _______________ control, each person should have his or her own toileting sling. | Infection |
| An _______________ sling is used for a person who has had both legs amputated. | Amputee |
| Also follow the _________________ instructions when using a mechanical lift. | Manufacturer |
| Do not use a mechanical lift unless you have been ______________ how to use it. | Trained |
| Before transferring a person to the toilet you need to check the __________ _________ to make sure they are not loose. | Grab bars |
| Stretchers are used to transfer persons who cannot __________ up. | Sit |
| Stretchers are used to transfer persons who must stay in a ____________ position. | Lying |
| Stretchers are used to transfer persons who are seriously ______. | Ill |
| At least two or three staff members are needed for a safe ______________ transfer. | Stretcher |
| If the person cannot __________ with re-positioning then a mechanical lift must be used. | Help |
| Do not ____________ the person from behind the chair of wheelchair when re-positioning. | Pull |
| The person must have the _____________ to help with re-positioning. | Strength |
| To re-positioning a person in a wheelchair you need to ___________ the wheelchair wheels. | Lock |
| To re-positioning a person in a wheelchair you need to remove or swing the _______________ out of the way. | Footplates |
| To re-positioning a person in a wheelchair you need to position the person's feet _____________ on the floor. | Flat |
| To re-positioning a person in a wheelchair you need to apply a transfer ___________. | Belt |
| To re-positioning a person in a wheelchair you need to position the person's ____________ on the armrests. | Arms |
| To re-positioning a person in a wheelchair you need to stand _____ _________ of the person. | In front |
| To re-positioning a person in a wheelchair you need to ____________ the transfer belt on each side while the person leans forward. | Grasp |
| To re-positioning a person in a wheelchair you need to ask the person to push with their feet and arms on the count of ___________. | Three |
| To re-positioning a person in a wheelchair you need to move the person back into the _____________ on the count of three. | Chair |
| Safety straps are applied _____________ the person is transferred to the stretcher. | After |
| The stretcher _______________ ______________ are kept up during the transport. | Side rails |
| The stretcher is moved ______________ first. | Feet |
| Never leave a person on a _______________ alone. | Stretcher |
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