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Mbio Module 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Oceanic Crust | The portion of the earths’ crust that primarily contains basalt, is relatively dense, and is about 5 kilometers thick |
| Continental crust | The portion of the earths’ crust that primarily contains granite, is less dense than oceanic crust, and is 20 to 50 kilometers thick. |
| Plate tectonics | A process involving the movement of large plates n the earth’s mantle |
| Mid-ocean ridge | A continuous chain of underwater volcanic mountains encompassing the earth |
| Seafloor spreading | The process that creates new sea floor as plates move away from each other at the mid-ocean ridges. |
| Subduction- | The downward movement of one plate into the earth’s mantle when two plate collide. |
| Continental shelf | The gently sloped, shallow section of the edge of a continent, extending from the shore to the point where the slope gets steeper. |
| Continental sloped | The steeper section of a continental edge, extending seaward from the continental shelf. |
| Continental rise | The gently sloping area at the base of the continental sloped. |
| Specific heat | The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by 1.00 ° C |
| Salinity | The total amount of salt dissolved in a solvent. |
| Coriolis effect | The way in which the rotation of the earth bends the path of winds and resulting sea currents. |
| Gyres | Large, mostly circular systems of surface currents driven by the wind. |
| Spring tide | A Time of largest tidal range due to the gravitational pull of the aligned sun and moon (during full moon and new moon) |
| Neap tide | A time of smallest tidal range due to the moon and sun being located at right angles to each other (during quarter moons) |
| Largest ocean basin? | Pacific Ocean Basin |
| Second largest ocean basin? | Atlantic Ocean Basin |
| Third largest? | Indian Ocean Basin |
| Smallest, similar in depth Indian Ocean Basin? | Artic Ocean Basin |
| Continental drift | That continentes drifted from Pangea |
| Sediment | Dirt on bottom of ocean floor |
| Magnestic anomalies | Magnetic particles facing the wrong direction |
| Catastrophic plate tectonics | Very rapid plate movement |
| Shear Boundary | When two plates slide past each other, but no material is formed or destroyed |
| Hydrogen Bonds | Hold water together |
| Surface tension | The tension on the surface of the water from hydrogen bonds that allows water to hold small objects on the surface that normally shouldn't float |
| What is water sometimes called? | The universal solvent |
| Parts per thousand | 0/00 |
| Thermocline | The rapid decrease in temperature below the thin, warm top layer of the ocean, 200-1,500 meters below the ocean (thick) |
| Coriolis effect named after who? | French physicist Gaspard de Coriolis |
| Trade winds | Most consistent winds on earth, near equator |
| Westerlies | More variable than trade winds, go in opposite direction than trade winds, come from the West |
| Easterlies | Move same direction as trade winds, most variable winds |
| Surface layer | 100-200 meters thick from surface of ocean, well mixed |
| Deep layer | 1,500+ meters down |
| Water column | Surface layer, thermocline and deeplayer |
| Low-stability water column | Water column where the column's density isn't that different, easy to mix |
| Overturn | colder, oxygenated water sinking and pushing oxygen-deplated water to the surface to be oxygenated |
Created by:
akikoandpoog
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