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Chapter 3

Minerals

TermDefinition
Silicates Minerals that contain silicon and oxygen.
Nonsilicates Minerals that do no contain silicon and oxygen, but may contain oxygen.
Reclamation Returning the land back to an original state.
Mineral Four must haves are solid, inorganic, made in nature and has a crystal structure.
Surface mines Three examples are open pit, quarry and strip mining.
Subsurface mines Three examples are slope, drift and shaft.
Ore Mineral deposit large enough and pure enough to earn a profit.
Color Not always reliable because of the effects of weathering and the atmosphere.
Luster Reflection of light by a mineral.
Hardness Measure of the resistance to being scratched.
Cleavage Breaks along flat planes.
Fracture Breaks along curved, messy surfaces.
Density Ratio of mass to volume.
Fluorescence Glowing under UV light.
Magnetism Attracts Iron.
Radioactive Waves emitted may be detected by a Geiger counter.
Chemical reaction Fizzing may occur after contact with acids.
Optical The ability to see double with a clean specimen.
Pegmitites With enough time gemstones grow in these tear drop shaped objects.
Metamorphic Heat and pressure can change the chemical make-up of minerals.
Non metallic Minerals Used in construction, for example concrete, roads and bridges.
Metallic Minerals Used in electronics, space craft, airplanes and more.
Recycle Being mindful of natures resources, this helps extend the life of mineral sources.
Halite and Gypsum Evaporating water leaves behind these minerals.
Created by: Christine160
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