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Wiles--Module 6
Wiles Module 6--Inorganic Chemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
| What is the shorthand way of writing a compound? | Formula |
| What four elements make up 90% if the mass of all living things? | C, H, N, & O |
| What terms describes a reaction in which energy is released in the form of heat? | Exothermic or exergonic |
| What is the amount of matter contained in an object? | Mass |
| The amount of gravitational force on an object is referred to as its __________. | Weight |
| The purest substances that are unable to be broken down chemically are called ______. | Elements |
| The basic unit of life is a(n) _______. | Cell |
| Atoms of two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions make up a(n) __________. | Compound |
| What is the name of the group of elements which are stable and therefore chemically unreactive under normal conditions? | Noble or inert gases |
| What is the term for outermost electrons? | Valence |
| If the indicator litmus turns blue in a solution, then it is a(n) __________. | Base |
| What word is used in referring to bases? | Alkaline |
| What is the central region of an atom called? | Nucleus |
| How many electrons can the first energy level hold? | 2 |
| If an atom is made up of 6 protons, 7 neutrons, and 6 electrons, what is its atomic number? | 6 |
| What is an aqueous solution that contains more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions called? | Base |
| What is the pH of the strongest acid? | 0 |
| If a solution has a pH of 2, how much stronger is it than a pH of 6? | 10,000 |
| The substance dissolved in a solution is called the __________. | Solute |
| What is the universal solvent? | Water |
| What term describes any solution in which water is the solvent? | Aqueous |
| What is the charge on an ion with 16 protons, 18 electrons, and 16 neutrons? | -2 |
| What is meant by water is a polar compound? | It has an uneven distribution of charge. |
| What is the ability to do work? | Energy |
| What state of energy is energy of motion? | Kinetc |
| What type of a bond is present in lithium fluoride? | Ionic |
| The symbol for mercury (Hg) comes from where? | The Latin name for mercury |
| The simplest particle of an element that retains all of the properties of that element is a(n) ___________. | Atom |
| What is an atom's atomic number defined as? | Number of protons in an atom |
| The rounded atomic mass or weight is also known as the ________ ___________. | Mass number |
| What is the electrical charge on an atom? | Zero due to the equal number of positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons. |
| How does a covalent bond form? | By sharing one or more pairs of valence electrons. |
| Isotopes are atoms of the same element with a different number of ______. | neutrons |
| The mass number is the sum of ______ and _______. | protons and neutrons |
| When water molecules are attracted to other water molecules this is known as ______. | Cohesion |
| Describe a saturated solution. | A solution in which no more solute will dissolve. |
| In an organism, all of the chemical reactions that occur to take in and transfer energy is referred to as its ____. | Metabolism |
| What does a two direction arrow in a chemical equation indicate? | I can proceed in either direction and is reversible. |
| What are all of the substances written to the left side of a chemical equation called? | reactants |
| When an atom gains one or more electrons, it becomes charged how? What is this called? | Negatively; reduction reaction |
| What two types of reactions are know gnerally as a redox reaction? | Reduction and oxidation |
| What is activation energy? | The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction. |
| How many protons in a bromine atom? | 35 |
| Put the electrons present in an aluminum atom into correct energy levels. | 2 in the first, 8 in the second, and 3 in the third. |
| What do catalysts do to the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction to start? | Reduces it or lowers it so it gets started much faster and proceeds faster. |
| What type of bond holds water molecules together during cohesion? | Hydrogen bond |
| What term refers to water's ability to travel upward against gravity in small tubes? | Capillarity |
| The amount of solute dissolved in a fixed amount of the solution is known as _______. | Concentration |
| Identify the solute and solvent in a hot chocolate solution made of chocolate syrup and warm milk. | The solvent is the warm milk and the solute is the chocolate syrup |
| What metric prefix means 1,000,000,000? | giga- |
| What pH is considered neutral? | 7 |
| What word describes the pH scale since one pH unit reflects a 10 fold change in the acidity or alkalinity? | Logarithmic |
| How many neutrons in a zinc atom? | 35 |
| What is the mass number of selenium? | 79 amu |
| What metric prefix has the abbreviation of the Greek letter mu? | micro- |
| What is the one factor in an experiment that the experimenter changes or manipulates? | Independent variable |
| What determines the chemical reactivity of an element? | Number of valence electrons |
| Chemical substances that neutralize small amounts of either an acid or a base are called _______. | Buffers |
| What type of taste do acids have? | Sour taste |
| Describe the relative concentration of hydroxide and hydrogen ions in a neutral solution. | They are present in equal numbers |
| What is the formula for table salt? is it held by ionic or covalent bonds? | NaCl; Ionic bond since it is a metal bonded to a non-metal |
| Describe the difference between CO and Co. | Co is an element called cobalt; whereas, CO is a compound called carbon monoxide. |
| A protein that speeds up metabolic reactions without being changed or destroyed is called a(n) ___________. | catalyst (called an enzyme in a living organism) |
| How many pairs of electrons will two atoms of iodine share to become a molecule? | 1 pair |
| Electrons with the greatest amount of energy are found where in the electron cloud? | Farthest from the nucleus |
| Name two alkaline body fluids. | Blood, tears, and intestinal fluid |
| If a solution is described as very dilute, what does this mean? | It contains very little solute in a fixed amount of solvent. |
| What is a testable explanation to a scientific question called? | Hypothesis |
| What does a base feel like to the touch? | Slippery |
| Maintaining a constant body temperature is what trait of life? | Homeostasis |
| What is the chemical symbol for potassium? | K |
| What are the basic three states of matter? | solid, liquid, gas |
| Which basic state of matter has a definite volume but not a definte shape? | liquid |
| A charged atom is known as a)n) ____. | Ion |
| Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons are called _____. | Isotopes |
| How many protons, electrons, and neutrons in an atom of Na-25? | 11 protons, 11 electrons, and 14 neutrons |
| When writing a chemical formula, the _____ indicates the number of atoms of an element. | subscript |
| When balancing a chemical equation, a ____ is written before each compound's formula to indiate how many molecules are required to balance it. | coefficient |
| What is the name of the rule which is used to help determine the oxidation number or the charge on an ion of an element? | Octet Rule |
| What law is the basis for needing to make sure that chemical equations are balanced? | Law of Conservation of Mass |
| What are the two parts to a solution? | solute and solvent |
| When making Kool-Aid, what is the solvent? solute? solution? | The solvent is water. The solutes of sugar and Kool-Aid powder are added to the water and stirred to help dissolving. The final Kool-Aid mixture that you drink is the solution. |
| Of the three types of mixtures, which one(s) will settle out? | Suspensions will settle out. Colloids and solutions will not settle out. |
| What type of bond holds the hydrogen and oxygen atoms together within a molecule of water? | Covalent |
| Is surface tension of water created by adhesion or cohesion? | Cohesion |
| What metric prefix means one million? | Mega |
| What metric prefix mean 10? | deka |
| What is the amount of space occupied by an object? | Volume |
| Name two acidic body fluids. | Stomach acid and urine |
Created by:
lburris
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