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Unit 3 Lesson 1 "Heredity and Traits"
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the passing of traits from parents to their offspring | heredity |
| a person’s (animal’s or plant’s) child or children | offspring |
| a characteristic or feature in a living thing | trait |
| traits that an organism is born with that are carried in their genes | inherited traits |
| hair color, eye color, height, weight, tongue roller, dimples, freckles, etc... | inherited trait examples |
| the number of genes inherited for each trait | 2 |
| diagram created by Gregor Mendel that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment | Punnett Square |
| a gene that is always expressed when it is present in an individual | dominant gene |
| a gene that is only expressed when the dominant gene is not present | recessive gene |
| an Austrian monk who discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his gardern | Gregor Mendel |
| the total number of chromosomes for each human cell | 46 |
| the number of chromosomes in a sex cell | 23 |
| unable to be seen with the unaided eye | microscopic |
| from sex cells, eggs and sperm | meiosis |
| occurs within body cells and allows for growth | mitosis |
| basic building blocks of life | DNA |
| living things | organisms |
| the basic unit of structure and function of a living thing | cell |
| found in the nucleus of a cell and are made of DNA | chromosomes |