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Science Test
Cell Substances and Microscope
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Arm | The part of the microscope that you carry the microscope with. |
| Base | Supports the microscope. |
| Body Tube | The long tube holds the eyepiece and connects to the objectives. |
| Diaphragm | Controls the amount of light going through to the specimen. |
| Coarse Adjustment | Used for focusing on low power. |
| Eyepiece | Where you look through to see the image of your specimen (10x). |
| Fine Adjustment | Used to fine tune the focus of your specimen after using the coarse adjustment. |
| Nosepiece | It holds the objectives. |
| Objectives | (Low, medium, high) It gives the magnification. |
| Specimen | An individual animal, plant, piece of a mineral, etc., used as an example of its species or type for scientific study or display. |
| Stage | It has a hole in that allows light through the specimen. |
| Stage Clips | Shiny clips on top of the stage which holds the slide in place. |
| Light Source (What is it?) | A source that gives light. |
| Ocular Lense | Another word for eyepiece. Where you look through to see the image of your specimen. |
| DNA | A nucleic acid. |
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate is the major energy-carrying molecule in cells. The energy in carbohydrates and lipids must first be transferred to ATP, which then provides fuel for cellular activites. |
| Carbohydrate (What are they made of) | Are molecules made of sugars. |
| Simple Carbohydrates | Are made up of one sugar molecule or a few sugar molecules linked together. |
| Complex Carbohydrates | Are made of hundreds of sugar molecules linked together. (Usually stored by organisms) |
| Lipid | Are compounds that cannot mix with water. |
| Phospholipids (What are they and what are their three purposes) | Are the molecules that form much of the cell membrane, which serves the purpose to store energy, act as protective membranes, and communication. |
| Protein | Are large molecules made up of amino acids. They serve the purpose to use their enzymes to start or speed up chemical reactions in cells, transport, and are used as structural support. |
| Nucleic Acid | Are large molecules made up of subunits called nucleotides; sometimes called the blueprints of life because they contain genetic information. They include instructions for cell growth, cell reproduction, and cell processes to respond to their environment |
| Amino Acids | A simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an amino (—NH2) group. |
| Hemoglobins | Is a type of protein. |
| Magnification of Low Power Objective | 10x X 4x=40x |
| Magnification of Medium Power Objective | 10x X 10x =100x |
| Magnification of High Power Objective | 10x X 40x =400x |
| Cell Theory (What does it state, what is the cell, and what is it?) | States that all living things are made of one or more cells; the cell is the smallest unit of life; all new cells come from preexisting cells. |
| Early Scientists (Name them) | Robert Hooke, Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann, and Rudolf Virchow. |
| Year and What He Did : Robert Hooke | 1600s - Built a microscope and observed and named cells. |
| Year and What He Did : Matthias Schleiden | 1838 - Concluded that all plant parts were made of cells. |
| Year and What He Did : Theodor Schwann | 1839 - Concluded that all animal tissues were made of cells. |
| Year and What He Did : Rudolf Virchow | 1858 - Stated that all cells could form only pre - existing cells. |
| State what All Early Scientists' Theories Led To | THE CELL THEORY!!! (What caused it to be) |
| Macromolecules | Substance that forms from joining many small molecules together. |
Created by:
schooldawg
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