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Digestive &Excretory
Digestive and Excretory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Digestive System | Breakdown of molecules into smaller in order to get nutrient |
| Mechanical Digestion | Physically breaking down food into smaller pieces |
| Chemical Digestion | Chemically breaking down food into smaller pieces |
| Examples of Mechanical Digestion | Chewing |
| Examples of Chemical Digestion | Enzymes |
| Mouth / Oral Cavity | Physical digestion by chewing and chemical digestion of starch |
| Salivary Glands | Saliva contains amylase |
| Amylase | Enzymes that break down starch |
| Esophagus | Food travels from the mouth to the stomach |
| Peristalsis | Muscular contractions that pushes food down to the stomach |
| Stomach | An acidic environment that contains pepsin and hydrochloric acid |
| Pepsin | Enzyme that breaks down proteins |
| HCl | Hydrochloric acid |
| Small Intestine | Where most of the chemical digestion occurs and is completed |
| Villi | In the small intestines absorbs nutrients through diffusion |
| Large intestine | Where the absorption of water occurs |
| Rectum | Stores feces |
| Anus | Where feces is egested out of the body |
| Liver | Produces bile |
| Bile | Breaks down fat |
| Gallbladder | Stores bile |
| Pancreas | Secretes enzymes into the small intestine |
| Ulcers | Mucus lining in an area on the stomach breaks down |
| Constipation | Too much water is absorbed in the large intestine |
| Diaherra | Too little water is absorbed by the large intestine |
| Gallstones | Small hard deposits left in the gallbladder |
| Appendicitis | Inflammation of the appendix |
| Excretory System | Removes cellular or metabolic waste from the body |
| Lungs | Excretes Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapor |
| Skin | Excretes water, urea, and salt in sweat and removes excess heat |
| Perspiration | Sweat |
| Liver | Produces urea and detoxifies blood |
| Detoxify | Remove poisons |
| Kidneys | Filter waste and regulates concentrations of substances in the blood |
| Kidneys (Urinary System) | Produces urine |
| Ureters | Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder |
| Urinary Bladder | Stores urine |
| Urethra | Leads urine out of the body |
| Gout | Production & accumulation of uric acid in the joints |
| Cirrhosis of the Liver | Scar tissue replaces normal, healthy tissue |
| Kidney Stones | Substances that crystallize out of the urine |
| Kidney Failure | The build up of excess fluid and waster in the blood |
| Dialysis | Blood flows through machine where blood is filtered and returned back to the body |
Created by:
CMacKay16
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