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Chapter 1 Vocab Def
Science Definitions
| Vocab Words | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Cell | Form the parts of an organism and carry out all of its functions |
| 2. Microscope | An instrument that makes small objects look larger |
| 3. Cell Theory Number 4 is at the end because I accidentally deleted it. | A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things |
| 5. Cell Membrane | Controls which substances pass into and out of a cell |
| 6. Nucleus | A large oval structure that acts as a cell's control center, directing all of the cell's activities |
| 7. Organelles | The nucleus is the largest of many tiny cell structures called organelles, that carry out specific functions within a cell |
| 8. Ribosomes | Small grain-shaped organelles that produce proteins |
| 9. Cytoplasm | Fills the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus |
| 10. Mitochondria | Convert energy stored in food to energy the cell can use to live and function |
| 11. Endoplasmic Reticulum | Often called the ER, is an organelle with a network of membranes that produces many substances |
| 12. Golgi Apparatus | Receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the ER, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell or to the outside of the cell |
| 13. Vacuole | This type of sac, stores water, food, or other materials needed by the cell. |
| 14. Chloroplasts | Captures energy from sunlight and changes it to a form of energy cells can use in making food |
| 15. Lysosomes | Saclike organelles, which contain substances that break down large food particles into smaller ones |
| 16. Multicelluar | Made of many cells |
| 17. Unicelluar | Single celled organisms |
| 18. Tissue | A group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function |
| 19. Organ | Such as your brain, made of different kinds of tissues that function together |
| 20. Organ System | A group of organs that work together to perform a major function |
| 21. Elements | Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances |
| 22. Compounds | Form when two or more elements combine chemically |
| 23. Carbohydrates | Energy-rich organic compounds made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| 24. Lipids | Compounds that are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen and oxygen |
| 25. Proteins | Large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and, in some cases, sulfur |
| 4. Cell Wall | A rigid layer that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms |
| 26. Enzymes | Group of proteins that speed up chemical reactions in living things |
| 27. Nucleic Acids | Very long organic molecules |
| 28. DNA | The genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring |
| 29. Double Helix | The shape of a DNA molecule |
| 30. Selectively Permeable | Means some substances can cross the membrane while others cannot |
| 31. Passive Transport | The movement of dissolved materials across a cell membrane without using the cell's energy |
| 32. Diffusion | Is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| 33. Osmosis | The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane |
| 34. Active Transport | The movement of materials across a cell membrane using cellular energy |
| 35. Endocytosis | A process in which the cell membrane changes shape and engulfs the particle |
| 36. Exocytosis | The reverse process of endocytosis, allows large particles to leave the cell |
Created by:
DaneBAILEY
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