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Biology Midterm
Midterm: Monday 1/16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chemistry definition | the study of matter |
| matter definition | anything that has mass and occupies space |
| mass definition | quantity of matter |
| What are atoms known as? | quantity of matter |
| atom definition | the simplest particle of a substance that contains all properties of that surface. |
| protons | positive charge found in the nucleus |
| neutrons | no charge found in the nucleus |
| electrons | negative charge that surrounds the nucleus |
| elements definition | substances composed of 1 type of atom that is "pure" |
| isotopes definition | atoms of an element with a different number of neutrons. Most are radioactive. |
| compounds definition | composed of two or more elements in a fixed ratio, and are formed through chemical bonds. |
| Covalent Bond qualities | share electrons, form molecules |
| Ionic Bond qualities | transfers electrons and involves ions |
| energy definition | the ability to do work |
| solid definition | low energy where particles are tightly packed. It has a definite volume and definite shape. |
| liquid definition | medium energy where particles are close together, but can move. It has definite volume but no definite shape. |
| gas definition | high energy where particles move freely. There is no definite volume and no definite shape. |
| chemical reaction definition | one or more substances changed to produce one or more different substances. Usually expressed as a formula. |
| reactants | the pure element before the final product |
| products | the elements formed together in a new substance |
| exothermic | a chemical reaction where energy is released |
| endothermic | a chemical reaction where energy is absorbed |
| activation energy definition | energy required to start a chemical reaction |
| catalyst definition | any substance that can increase the rate of a chemical reaction, it lowers the amount of activation energy needed |
| Oxidation- Reduction Reaction (Redox) | a gain and loss of electrons between reactants to form products |
| polar molecule definition | even though water is covalently bonded, there is an uneven distribution of electrons... causing the molecule to have a slight charge. |
| hydrogen bonding definition | the force of attraction between the hydrogen side (+) of water with a substance with a negative charge. |
| cohesion definition | water will bond with other water molecules; creates surface tension; water is constantly breaking and reforming bonds |
| adhesion definition | water will bond to other substances; makes water extremely sticky |
| capillary action | the attraction of water to surfaces that will cause water to rise |
| high specific heat | water has the ability to absorb large quantities of heat |
| specific heat | the amount of energy required to change the temperature of a substance |
| Temperature Moderation | water does not heat up or cool down rapidly |
| Density as a solid | water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid |
| solvent | does the dissolving |
| solute | gets dissolved |
| saturated | all molecules of a solvent are bonded with a solute "covered" |
| unsaturated | more solvent than solute (watery) |
| super-saturated | more solvent than solute ( |
Created by:
chathamccloskey
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