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chapter 8 and 10
Science Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Earthquake | movements of the ground due to sudden release of energy |
| focus | point in Earths interior where the earthquake |
| seismic waves | waves of energy released by an earthquake |
| epicenter | point on Earth's interior where the earthquake |
| elastic rebound | sudden return of deformed rock back toward formed shape |
| body waves | seismic waves that move through inside of Earth |
| P waves | push-pull body waves |
| S waves | side-to-side body waves |
| surface waves | seismic waves that move on Earth's surface |
| seismograph | all seismic waves are recorded |
| seismogram | pen traces vibrations onto a moving drum of paper |
| Richter scale | numerical scale based on height of larges seismic waves |
| Moment Magnitude scale | used for small shallow quakes. |
| Modified Mercalli Scale | Roman numeral scale that measures the intensity ground shaking created by an earthquake |
| liquefaction | where soil and rocks are saturated with rocks ,earthquakes can cause the process |
| tsunami | a wave formed the ocean floors shifts suddenly during the earthquake |
| seismic gap | is a area along the fault where there has not been any earthquake |
| crust | thin, rocky outer layer of Earth |
| mantle | Earth's volume is contained |
| outer core | liquid layer |
| inner core | a sphere having radius of 1220 Kiloometers |
| Moho | boundary separates the crust from the underlying mantle |
| Ring of Fire | many different plates meer |
| hot spot | volcanic areas far from plate boundaries |
| viscosity | a substances resistance to a flow |
| vent | the opening |
| pyropclastic material | throws lava in the air |
| volcano | opening (vent) that allows magma to escape to the surface |
| crater | top of the volcano vent |
| shield volcano | quiet eruptions of basaltic lava |
| cinder cone | explosive eruptions of granitic lava |
| composite valcano | combinations from one and two |
| caldera | when magma chamber empties cone can collapse |
| lahar | a destructive mudflow on the slopes of a volcano |
| pulton | the structures that result from the cooling and hardening of magma beneath Earths surface |
| sill | a pulton that that forms where magma flows between parallel layers |
| laccolith | lens-shaped pulton that has pushed the overlaying rocks upward |
| dike | a layer that forms where magma moves into fractures that cut across rock layers |
| batholith | are the largest bodies of intrusive igneous rock |
Created by:
myleewallace
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