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Chapter 7

Galaxies and the Universe

TermDefinition
Telescope instruments that collect and focus light and other forms of em radiation
Optical Telescope uses lenses or mirrors to collect and focus visible light
Refracting Telescope uses convex lenses to gather and focus light
Convex Lens a piece of glass that is curved so the middle is thicker than the edges
Reflecting Telescope uses a curved mirror to gather and focus light
Absolute Brightness a star's brightness if it were a standard distance from earth.
Main Sequence more than 90 percent of stars; forms a diagonal line on the HR Diagram
Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (HR Diagram) shows the relationship between surface temperature and absolute brightness of stars
Nebula a large cloud of gas and dust
Protostar earliest stage of a stars life
Neutron Star remains of high-mass stars
Apparent Brightness a star's brightness as seen from earth
Pulsar spinning neutron star
Black Hole an object with gravity so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape
Supernova explosion of a star
White Dwarf the blue-white color of the star that is left behind cools; about the size of Earth but the same mass as the sun.
Galaxy a huge group of single stars, star system, star clusters, dust and gas bound together by gravity
Spiral Galaxy disc-shaped with a bulge in the middle and arms that spiral outward
Elliptical Galaxy round or flattened ball
Irregular Galaxy does not have a regular shape
Big Bang When the universe exploded; the universe formed in an instant, billions of years ago, in an enormous explosion.
Created by: creedenb
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