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honors week 9

Evolution and Classification

QuestionAnswer
abiogenesis idea that life originates spontaneously from non-living matter.
adaptation process of becoming adapted to an environment; an anatomical structure, physiological process, or behavioral trait that improves an organism's likelihood of survival and reproduction
biogenesis idea that life arises only from other living organisms
evolution Changes that occur over time to organisms. This can cause the change of genetic information. Certain traits can be lost
absolute dating the process of determining an approximate age for an archaeological or paleontological site or artifact.
biochemical comparison organisms with similar biochemical composition suggest that they have developed from a more primitive common ancestor.
carbon dating radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope (14-C) to estimate the age of materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years
coevolution The mutual influence on the evolution of two different species interacting with each other and reciprocally influencing each other's adaptations
evolution All the changes that have transformed life on Earth from its earliest beginnings to the diversity that characterizes it today
fossil Remnants of once existing organisms
geographic isolation occurs when biological populations of the same species become isolated from each other to an extent that prevents or interferes with genetic interchange.
natural selection process by which populations change in response to their environment leave more offspring
Pesticide resistance the adaptation of pest species targeted by a pesticide resulting in decreased susceptibility to that chemical.
pollination The act of transferring pollen from the anther to the stamen of the plant.
relative dating the science determining the relative order of past events, without necessarily determining their absolute age.
reproductive isolation Various structural, behavioral, and biochemical features can prevent interbreeding and thus reproductively isolating populations as distinct species.
speciation process by which new species are formed.
vestigial organ A type of homologous structure that is rudimentary and of marginal or no use to the organism
binomial nomenclature formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts
cladogram A branching diagram showing the relationship between a number of species.
classification The arrangement of animals and plants in taxonomic groups according to their observed similarities.
embryology The branch of biology and medicine concerned with the study of embryos and their development.
evolution All the changes that have transformed life on Earth from its earliest beginnings to the diversity that characterizes it today
Created by: nbctbio
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