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SJCC Physio Ch 1
Flachcards for the organization of the human body and anatomical terminology.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Axial | Includes the head, neck, and trunk |
| Appendicular | Includes the upper and lower limbs |
| Cranial Cavity | Houses the skull |
| Vertebral Canal | Houses the spinal cord |
| Thoracic Cavity | Houses the organs of the chest area |
| Abdominopelvic Cavity | Made up of the abdomen and pelvic areas |
| Viscera | Organs |
| Diaphragm | Thin muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity |
| Oral cavity | contains the teeth and tongue |
| Nasal cavity | located within the nose and divided into the right and left portions |
| Orbital cavity | contains the eyes and associated muscles and nerves |
| middle ear cavities | contains the middle ear bones |
| parietal | refers to the membrane attached to the wall of a cavity |
| visceral | refers to membrane that covers an organ |
| pericardial membranes | surround the heart |
| peritoneal membranes | membranes that line the abdominopelvic cavity |
| superior | above another part, or closer to the head |
| inferior | below another part, or toward the feet |
| anterior | toward the front |
| posterior | toward the back |
| medial | toward the midline of the body |
| lateral | toward the sides of the body |
| proximal | closer to a point of attachment to the trunk |
| distal | farther from the point of attachment to the trunk |
| superficial | situated near the surface |
| deep | more internal parts than superficial |
| sagittal plane | lengthwise division that divides the body into right and left portions |
| transverse | divides the body into superior and inferior portions |
| coronal | divides the body into anterior and posterior portions |
| epigastric region | upper middle portion |
| left and right hypochondriac regions | each side of epigastric regions |
| umbilical region | middle portion |
| left and right lumbar regions | lie on each side of the umbilical region |
| hypogastric region | lower middle portion |
| left and right iliac regions | lie on each side of the hypogastric region |
| abdominal | region between the thorax and the pelvis |
| acromial | the point of the shoulder |
| antebrachial | the forearm |
| antecubital | space in front of the elbow |
| axillary | armpit |
| brachial | arm |
| carpal | wrist |
| celiac | the abdomen |
| cephalic | head |
| cervial | neck |
| costal | ribs |
| coxal | hip |
| crural | leg |
| cubital | elbow |
| digital | finer |
| dorsal | back |
| femoral | thigh |
| frontal | forehead |
| genital | reproductive organs |
| gluteal | buttocks |
| inquinal | groin area |
| lumbar | lower back |
| mammary | breast |
| mental | chin |
| nasal | nose |
| occipital | lower posterior region of the head |
| oral | mouth |
| orbital | eye cavity |
| otic | ear |
| palmar | palm of the hand |
| patellar | front of the knee |
| pectoral | chest |
| pedal | foot |
| pelvic | pelvis |
| perineal | region between the anus and the external reproductive organs |
| plantar | sole of the foot |
| popliteal | area behind the knee |
| sacral | posterior region behind the hipbones |
| sternal | middle of the thorax, anteriorly |
| tarsal | instep of the foot |
| umbilical | navel |
| vertebral | spinal column |
| Anatomy | The branch of science that deals with the structure (morphology) of the body parts. |
| Physiology | Concerns the functions of the body parts |
| Levels of organization | Atoms, Molecules, Macromolecules, Organelles, Cells, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism |
| Metabolism | The sum total of the chemical reactions in the body that break substances down and build them up. |
| Maintenance of Life | Water, Foods, Oxygen, Heat, Pressure |
| Homeostasis | Condition of a stable internal environment |
| Homeostatic Mechanism | Self regulating control systems that maintain stability in the body |
| Receptors | Provide information about specific conditions (stimuli) in the internal environment |
| Set Point | Tells what a particular value should be |
| Effectors | Cause responses that alter the conditions in the internal environment |
| Negative Feedback | A mechanism activated by an imbalance that corrects the imbalance |
| Positive Feedback | Changes cause additional similar changes, producing unstable conditions |
| Pleural Membranes | Serous membranes that enclose the lungs and line the chest wall. |
| Integumentary System | Include the skin and various accessory organs such as the hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands |
| Skeletal System | Consists of bones as well as ligaments and cartilages that bind bones together. |
| Muscular System | Muscles that contract and pull their ends closer together to provide forces that move the body. |
| Nervous System | Consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs that communicate with each other and with muscles and glands using electrochemical signals. |
| Endocrine System | All the glands that secrete chemical messengers called hormones. |
| Cardiovascular System | Includes the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries and blood. |
| Lymphatic System | Composed of lymphatic vessels, lymph fluid, lymph nodes, thymus and spleen that are used to transport tissue fluid back to the blood stream and carry certain fatty substances away from the digestive organs and back to the bloodstream. |
| Digestive System | Breaks down food molecules into simpler forms that can pass through cell membranes and thus be absorbed. |
| Respiratory System | Move air in and out and exchange gases between the blood and the air. |
| Urinary System | Consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys remove wastes from the blood and help maintain the body's water and salt concentrations. |
| Reproductive System | Produces a whole new organism like itself |
Created by:
jmglbrt
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