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Bio STAAR Cat#1

Reporting Category #1

TermDefinition
Biomolecules organic molecules which combine to form living organisms; includes carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
carbohydrates biomolecule of carbon,hydrogen and oxygen combined in 1:2:1 ratio; include simple and complex sugars; molecules which store energy, add structure, & provide sugars for DNA and RNA; monomer - monosaccharaide ; polymer - polysaccharide
lipids biomolecule composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen; includes fats,oils, waxes and sterols; important component of cell membranes
proteins biomolecule composed of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen; made up of monomer amino acids; enzyme is an example
nucleic acids biomolecule made up of nucleotides; nucleotides contain a phosphate sugar and nitrogen base; examples include DNA and RNA
monomer single unit ; small piece of biomolecule
polymer multi piece unit; made up of smaller monomers
organic molecule An organic compound always contains carbon; Examples : carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.
prokaryotic an organism whose cell generally lacks a true nucleus Examples: bacterial cells
eukaryotic organism possessing a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles; animals, plants, fungi, and protists
homeostasis The tendency of an organism or a cell to regulate its internal conditions, usually by a system of feedback controls or feedback loops, so as to stabilize health and functioning, regardless of the outside changing conditions ex: sweating when hot
deoxyribonucleic acid double-stranded nucleic acid found in the nucleus which provides instruction for making proteins; provides hereditary information; DNA
ribonucleic acid single stranded nucleic acid made during transcription to provide template for making proteins at ribosome during translation; RNA
cell cycle components include interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis
interphase part of the cell cycle; resting stage of cell and preparation for mitosis; includes G 1 (duplication of organelles) S phase(replication of DNA) and G 2 (checking of replication)
mitosis part of cell cycle; division of the nucleus; includes prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
cytokinesis part of cell cycle; division of cytoplasm and organelles except nucleus
cell differentiation specialization of cells for a particular function
cancer uncontrolled cell division; creates tumors and interferes with normal cell function
Created by: msbramlett
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