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Chapter 8 & 10 vocab

TermDefinition
Earthquake vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy
focus point within Earth where an earthquake originates
seismic waves vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake
epicenter location on Earth's surface directly above the focus, origin, of an earthquake
elastic rebound explanation of how energy is released during an earthquake
body waves seismic waves that moves through the interior of Earth
P waves longitudinal earthquake wave that travels through interior of Earth
S waves transverse earthquake wave that travels through interior of Earth
surface waves seismic wave at Earth's surface
seismograph instrument that scientist use to measure strength of an earthquake
seismogram record of ground movement
Richter Scale a base of 10 scale in order to cover huge ranges of earthquakes
Moment Magnitude Scale
Modified Mercalli Scale
liquefaction where soil and rock are saturated in water
tsunami a wave formed when the ocean floor shifts suddenly during an earthquake
seismic gap an area along a fault where there has been any earthquake activity in a long time
crust thin rocky outer layer of earth
mantle solid rocky shell extends to a depth of 2800 kilometers
outer core liquid layer 2,260 kilometers thick
inner core sphere having a radius of 1220 kilometers
Moho boundary that separates the crust and from the underlying mantle
Ring of Fire Ocean where there are many earthquakes
hotspot volcanic areas far from plate boundaries
viscosity
vent
pyroclastic material
volcano opening vent that allows magma to escape to the surface
crater top of a volcano vent
shield volcano quiet eruptions of basaltic lava
cinder cone explosive eruptions of granitic lava
composite volcano combo of cinder and shield voolcanos
caldera when magma chambers empties, cones can collapse
lahar
pluton structures from cooling and hardening of magma beneath earth
sill pluton that forms where magma flows through parallel sedimentary rocks
laccolith lens shaped pluton that has pushed overlaying rock layers upward
dike
batholith
Created by: 2008437
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