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Chapter 8 & 10 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Earthquake | movements of the ground due to sudden release of energy |
| focus | point in earth's interior where the earthquake occurred |
| seismic waves | waves of energy released by an earthquake |
| epicenter | point on earth's surface directly above the focus |
| elastic rebound | sudden return of deformed rock back to undeformed shape |
| body waves | seismic waves that move through the inside (body) of earth |
| p waves | push-pull body waves |
| s waves | side-to-side waves |
| surface waves | seismic waves that move on earth's surface |
| seismograph | all seismic waves are recorded on |
| seismogram | a pen traces vibrations onto a moving drum of paper |
| richter scale | numeral scale based on height of largest seismic wave |
| moment magnitude scale | more accurate as it measures the amount of energy released |
| modified mercalli scale | roman numeral scale that measures the intensity created by an earthquake |
| liquefaction | where soil and rock are saturated with water, earthquakes |
| tsunami | a wave formed when the ocean floor shifts suddenly during an earthquake |
| seismic gap | the part of an active fault that has experienced little or no seismic activity for a long period |
| crust | the thin, rocky outer layer of earth, is divided into oceanic and continental crust |
| mantle | a solid, rocky shell that extends to a depth of 2890 kilometers |
| outer core | a liquid layer 2260 kilometers thick |
| inner core | a sphere having a radius of 1220 kilometers |
| moho | a boundary that separates the crust from the underlying mantle or moho is a shorter version |
| ring of fire | most volcanoes and earthquakes are concentrated along the edge of the pacific ocean |
| hot spot | volcanic areas far from plate boundries |
| viscosity | the property of a fluid that resists the force tending to cause the fluid to flow |
| vent | the opening on a volcano |
| pyroclastic material | composed chiefly of fragments of volcanic origin, as agglomerate, tuff, and certain other rocks |
| volcano | opening (vent) that allows magma to escape to the surface |
| crater | top of a volcano vent |
| sheild volcano | quiet eruptions of basaltic lava |
| cinder cone | explosive eruptions of granitic lava |
| composite volcano | combination of forms 1 and 2 |
| caldera | when magma chamber empties cone can collapse |
| lahar | a landslide of wet volcanic debris on the side of a volcano |
| pluton | any body of igneous rock that solidified far below the earths surface |
| sill | intrusive igneous rock |
| laccolith | an igneous rock formed by magma |
| dike | a long, narrow, cross cutting mass ofi igneous |
| batholith | crystalized ignesous rock |
Created by:
2007839
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