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chapter 8 & 10 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| earthquake | movement of the ground due to sudden release of energy |
| focus | point in earths interior where the earthquake occured. |
| seismic waves | waves of energy realeased by an earthquake |
| epicenter | point on earths surfuce differtly above the focus |
| elastic rebound | sudden return of deformed rock back to undeformed shape |
| body waves | seismic waves that move through inside (body) of eath |
| P waves | push pull body waves |
| S waves | side to side body waves |
| surface waves | seismic waves that move on earths surface |
| seismorgraph | all seismic waves are recorded on |
| seismorgram | pen traces vibrations onto a moving drum of paper |
| Richter Scale | numerical scale (1-?) based on height of largest seismic wave |
| Moment Magnitude Scale | it measures the amount of energy relesed |
| Modified Mercalli scale | roman numeral scale (1-12) that measures the intensensity (ground shaking) created by an earthquake |
| liquefaction | soil and rock are saturated with water, earthquakes can cause this process |
| tsunami | is a wave formed when the ocean floor shifts suddenly during an earthquake |
| seismic gap | is a segment of a active fault known produce significant earthquakes |
| crust | the thin rocky outer layer of earth is divided into oceanic and continental crust |
| mantle | a solid, rocky shell that extends to a depth of 2890 kilometers |
| outer core | is a liquid layer 2260 kilometers thick |
| inner core | is a sphere having a radius of 1220 kilometers |
| Moho | is a boundary separates the crust from the underlying mantle |
| Ring of fire | is where many different plates meet |
| hot spot | volcanic areas far from plate boundaries |
| viscosity | state of being thick and sticky |
| vent | is an opening in the surface |
| pyroclastic material | throws lava into the air which hardens into different sized fragments |
| volcano | opening that allows magma to escape to the surface |
| crater | Top of a volcano vent |
| shield volcano | Quiet eruptions of basaltic lava |
| cinder cone | Explosive eruptions of granitic lava |
| composite volcano | Combinations of forms 1 and 2 |
| caldera | Magma chamber empties cone can collapse |
| lahar | a destructive mudflow on the slopes of a volcano |
| pluton | a body of intrusive igneous rock |
| sill | a self or slab of stone, wood, or metal at the foot of a window |
| laccolith | a mass of igneous rock, typically lens-shaped, that has been intruded between rock strata causing uplift in shape of doom |
| dike | a long wall |
| batholith | a very large igneous intrusion extending deep in the earths crust |
Created by:
2006852
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