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Chapter 8 & 10 Vocab

TermDefinition
1.Earthquake movements of the ground due to sudden release of energy.
2. focus point in Earth's Interior where the earthquake occurred.
3.seismic waves waves of energy released by an earthquake.
4. epicenter point on Earth's surface directly above the focus.
5.elastic rebound sudden return of deformed rock back to undeformed shape.
6. body waves seismic waves that move through the inside (body) of Earth.
7. P waves push-pull body waves.
8. S waves side to side body waves.
9. surface waves seismic waves that move on Earth's Surface.
10. seismograph records all seismic waves.
11.seismogram pen traces on a moving drum of paper.
12. Richter Scale numerical scale based on height or largest seismic wave (magnitude).
13. Moment Magnitude Scale useful for small and shallow quakes.
14. Modified Mercali Scale Roman numerical scale that measures the intensity created by a earthquake.
15. liquefaction when soil and rock are saturated with water.
16. tsunami a wave formed when the ocean floor shifts suddenly during a earthquake.
17. seismic gap an area along a fault where there has not been any earthquake activity for a long period of time.
18. crust the thin,rocky outer layer of Earth .
19. mantle a solid,rocky shell that extends to a depth of 2890 kilometers.
20. outer core a liquid layer 2260 kilometers thick.
21. inner core a sphere having a radius of 1220 kilometers.
22. Moho the boundary the separates the crust from the underlying mantle.
23. Ring of Fire the long belt of volcanoes that circles much of the Pacific Ocean.
24. hot spot a small volcanic region.
25.viscosity a substance's resistance to flow.
26.vent an opening in the surface.
27. pyroclastic material particles produced in volcanic eruptions.
28. volcano a mountain built by lava or pyroclastic material .
29. crater a steep-walled depression.
30. shield volcano a volcano produced by the accumulation of fluid basaltic lavas.
31. cinder cone a volcano created from ejected lava fragments that harden in the air.
32. composite volcano a large nearly symmetrical volcanic mountain composed of layers of both lava and pyroclastic deposits
33. caldera a depression in a volcanic mountain.
34.lahar Mudflows produced by composite volcanoes .
35. pluton the structures that result from the cooling and hardening of magma beneath Earth's surface.
36. sill a pluton that forms when magma flows between parallel layers of sedimentary rock.
37. laccolith a lens-shaped pluton that has pushed the overlying rock layers upward.
38. dike a pluton that forms when magma moves into fractures that cut across rock layers.
39.batholith the largest bodies of intrusive igneous rock.
Created by: 2006932
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