Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
chapter 8 and 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| earthquake | a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction |
| focus | the point where rocks start to fracture |
| seismic waves | an elastic wave generated by an impulse such as an earthquake |
| epicenter | the point on the earth 's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake |
| elastic rebound | without fault slippage until friction is overcome , when the fault suddenly slips to produce the earthquake |
| body waves | a seismic wave that moves through the interior of the earth |
| P waves | first wave to be recorded by a seismograph |
| S waves | second wave to reach by a seismograph |
| surface waves | longer wavelengths than body waves, and travel more slowly than body waves do |
| seismograph | an instrument scientists use to measure the strength of an earthquake |
| seismogram | is a graph output by a seismograph |
| Richter scale | used to rate the intensity of earthquakes |
| Moment magnitude scale | measure the size of earthquakes |
| modified mercalli scale | measure the intensity of earthquakes |
| liquefaction | loses strength and stiffness in response to an applied pressure |
| tsunami | series of enormous waves |
| seismic gap | segment of an active fault known to produce significant earthquakes that has not slipped in unusually a long time |
| crust | outermost layer of a planet |
| mantle | between the core and the crust of a planet |
| outer core | lies above the earths solid inner core and below its mantle |
| inner core | earths innermost part |
| moho | boundary between the crust and the mantle |
| ring of fire | string of volcanoes, and sites of seismic activity, or earthquakes, around the edges of the pacific ocean |
| hot spot | volcanic regions thought to be fed by underlying mantle |
| viscosity | measure of resistance of a fluid to deformation under shear stress |
| vent | opening as in a wall, serving as an outlet for air, smoke fumes, or the like |
| pyroclastic material | ash is the most rock material ejected during an eruption |
| volcano | a mountain, typically conical, having a crater or vent through, which lava, rock fragments |
| crater | round, bowl-shaped depressions surrounded by a ring |
| shield volcano | wide volcano with shallowly-sloping slides |
| cinder core | steep conical hill of loose pyroclastic fragment, such as volcanic clinkers, cinders |
| composite volcano | constructed from multiple eruptions |
| caldera | large cauldron-like depression that forms following the evacuation of a magma chamber |
| lahar | mud flows, mixture of volcanic ash, blocks and water |
| pluton | body on intrusive igneous rock that is crystallized from magma |
| sill | sheet intrusion that has intruded between older layers of sedimentary rock, beds of volcanic lava or tuff |
| laccolith | sheet intrusion that has been injected between two layers of sedimentary rock |
| dike | body of igneous rock that cuts across the structure of adjoining rock , usually as a result of intrusion of magma |
| batholith | large mass of intrusive igneous rock that forms from cooled magma deep in the earth 's crust |
Created by:
2007815
Popular Earth Science sets