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Mitosis/Meiosis
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the shape of DNA? | Spiral staircase |
Name the 4 bases found in DNA. | Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine |
Adenine always pairs with ____________ in DNA. | Thymine (Apples in the Tree) |
Cytosine always pairs with ___________ in DNA. | Guanine (Cars in the Garage) |
What is the function of DNA? | It carries all our genetic information |
In DNA, the sugar is deoxyribose. What is the sugar in RNA? | Ribose |
DNA is double stranded. RNA is _______ stranded. | Single |
In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine. In RNA, adenine pairs with ___________. | Uracil |
What do we call the type of cell division where a cell makes an exact copy of itself? | Mitosis |
Mitosis makes all the cells in our bodies except for ____________ cells. | sex (sperm and egg) |
Human beings have _____________ chromosomes. | 46 |
DNA replication occurs during what part of the cell cycle? | Interphase |
Has the genetic material formed an "X" yet during interphase? | NO! |
What happens during prophase? | Chromosomes appear. Nuclear membrane dissolves. |
What happens during metaphase? | Chromosomes line up at the center. |
What happens during anaphase? | Chromosomes split and move to opposite ends of the cell |
What happens during telophase? | New nuclear membranes form. Cell starts in pinch in a bit |
What happens during cytokinesis? | Separation into 2 cells. |
A _________________ is any change that occurs in a gene or chromosome during replication. | Mutation |
True/False: ALL mutations are harmful. | FALSE |
What is the name of the cell process that creates cells with 1/2 the genetic information? (sperm and egg cells) | Meiosis |
Why is it necessary to create cells with 1/2 our genetic information? | Because we get half of our genetic info from our moms and half from our dads. That is why we resemble both parents without being a copy of either parent. |
Who discovered DNA in 1953? | Watson and Crick |
Where in the cell is the DNA located? | the nucleus |
Our bodies need mitosis for | GROWTH AND REPAIR |
How are mitosis and meiosis the same? | They both create new cells |
How are mitosis and meiosis different? | Mitosis creates exact copies. Meiosis creates copies with 1/2 the genetic information |