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Science StudySet (1)
Semester 1 finals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A geologist uses Carbon-14 to find out the age of the layer. Carbon-14 has a half life of 4,621 years. If Carbon-14 in the rock layer has gone through 5 half lives, how old is the rock layer? | 23,105 years old |
| Using one or more of your senses to gather information is called | Observing |
| In a scientific experiment a statement that describes how to measure a particular variable or define a particular term is called a(n) | operational definition |
| In a scientific experiment the responding variable can also be called the | dependent variable |
| A possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question is called a(n) | hypothesis |
| Making a forecast of what will happen in the future based on past experience or evidence is called | predicting |
| Which of the following are NOT examples of data? A.theories B.measurements C.qualitative observations D.quantitative observations) | theories |
| One useful tool that may help a scientist interpret data by revealing unexpected patterns is a | graph |
| The use of scientific methods to test your hypothesis. | experiment |
| Something that can change in a test. | variable |
| the group in an experiment or study that does not receive treatment by the researchers and is then used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do. | control group |
| A set of observations that make you believe that something is true. | evidence |
| Earth spins around it's own axis and completes one rotation every 24 hours. | rotate |
| It takes Earth how many days to rotate completely around the sun? | 365 days |
| Does the Moon produce it's own light? | No, it is a reflection of the Sun's light |
| Solar System | the Sun and the planets and other objects that orbit the Sun |
| seasons | Earth's tilt in combination with its orbit around the Sun cause the ____. |
| tectonic plates | Earth's crust is made up of these that fit together like a jigsaw puzzle |
| layer of rock, minerals, air, water, organisms, where rooted plants grow | soil |
| day to day changes in atmosphere | weather |
| average weather conditions in a geographic area | climate |
| revolves around earth once every 27 days | moon |
| what holds the universive together/or in place | gravity |
| big bang | one THEORY of how the universe began between 10-20 billion of years ago |
| The layer of rock that forms Earth's outer surface | Crust |
| The thick layer of the earth below the crust that is made of dense rock that is under high pressure | Mantle |
| An isotope is one of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number | isotopes |
| sotopes utilized in nuclear medicine fall into two broad categories: Stable and Unstable. Stable isotopes do not undergo radioactive decay. | Stable and unstable isotopes |
| A "stable isotope" is any of two or more forms of an element who's nuclei contains the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons. | What is a stable isotope? |
| Many of the chemical elements have a number of isotopes. | What are radioisotopes? |
| The name of an isotope is determined by the atomic __________ of that isotope. | Mass |
| The period of time in which half of a radioactive substance decays. | Half-Life |
| A chemical analysis used to determine the age of organic materials based on their content of the radioisotope carbon-14. | Carbon Dating |
| A method of dating archaeological or geological specimens by determining the decay activity of the uranium in a given sample. | Uranium Dating |
| A nuclear reaction in which a massive nucleus splits into smaller nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy | Nuclear Fission |
| A nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy | Nuclear Fusion |
| Series of steps used to solve problems or answer questions. | Science method |
| Testing a hypothesis in an organized way. | experiment (2) |
| Information collected during an experiment | data (2) |
| biosphere | bio=life All the living organisms including plants, animals, bacteria, and fungi. |
| atmosphere | atmo=air The gases surrounding Earth, which include Ne , O2 , CO2 , and water vapor. Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Carbon Dioxide. |
| hydrosphere | hydro=water All the water on Earth. |
| geosphere | |
| Plants take in _______from the atmosphere and release _____into the atmosphere during the process of photosynthesis. | Plants take in CO2. ...release O2 in the atmosphere... |
| Animals and plants take in____from the atmosphere and release____into the atmosphere during the process of respiration. | Animals and plants take in oxygen. ...release CO2 into the atmosphere... |
| How is photosynthesis useful to plants (what does it make for plants)? | Glucose (food) |
| In the atmosphere, carbon is most commonly present in the form of? | Gas |
| What is the process of burning fossil fuels or forest fires called? | Combustion |
| What are the 3 main types of fossil fuels? | Coal, Oil, and natural gas. |
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