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Rock Cycle
7th grade Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rock Cycle | the series of processes that change one type of rock into another type of rock |
| melting (rock) | how igneous rocks are formed |
| crystallization (of rocks) | When molten rock-forming material is found at the Earth's surface it is known as lava, when it remains within the Earth and cools underground it is referred to as magma |
| weathering | Chemical or physical process that breaks down rocks into smaller pieces |
| deformation (of rocks) | when rocks change shape due to stress |
| sedimentation | the process in which soil particles and decaying organic matter accumulate in layers on the ground or at the bottom of large bodies of water, contributing to the formation of sedimentary rock |
| minerals | Nutrients that are not made by living things |
| matter cycling | Matter is constantly cycled between living and nonliving parts of the environment |
| energy flow | the transfer of energy from one organism (or food level) to another through the food chain or food web |
| deposition (of rocks) | the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or land mass |
| weathering (of rocks) | the process by which natural forces break down rocks |
| erosion | Processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away (i.e. weathering, glaciation) |
| rock formation | result of weathering and erosion sculpting the existing rock |
| reformation (of rocks) | Rocks also are continuously being created and destroyed |
| sedimentary rock | A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together |
| igneous rock | rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies |
| metamorphic rock | A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions. |
| El Nino | A warm ocean current that flows along the coast of Peru every seven to fourteen years |
| La Nina | A cooling of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America, occurring periodically every 4 to 12 years and affecting Pacific and other weather patterns. |
| Gulf Stream | A warm ocean current that flows from the Gulf of Mexico northward through the Atlantic Ocean |
| atmospheric circulation | hot air rises, moves, cools and sinks, and is heated again |
| oceanic circulation | Ocean currents can have a great influence on the climate of an area, water has a great capacity to absorb and retain heat, surface currents are primarily generated and controlled by the winds. |
| constructive forces | Forces that shape Earth's surface by building mountains and landmasses |
| crustal deformation | changes to the crust of the earth caused by plate tectonics. |
| volcanic eruptions | Events in which molten rock spews out from the mantle to the surface of Earth as ash, lava, and gases; major geological events that occur when a dense plate subducts below a less dense plate. |
| plate tectonics | A theory stating that the earth's surface is broken into plates that move. |
| magma | Molten rock |
| crust | Earth's outermost layer. |
| mantle | The layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core. |
| core | The layer of the earth located at the center of the earth made of 2 parts |
| weather | The state of the atmosphere at any given time |
| climate | Overall weather in an area over a long period of time |
| destructive forces | Forces that wear away or break down land masses on the earth's surface (weathering and erosion) |
Created by:
bryceth1720
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