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Hemorrhage/shock
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Homeostasis | Tendency of the body to maintain a steady or normal environment. |
Shock | Inadequate tissue perfusion. Transition between homeostasis and death. |
Capillary | Slow. Ooze. |
Venous | Steady blood flow |
Arterial | Spurting blood. |
3 step clotting process | 1) vascular phase-vasoconstriction. Reduces blood loss 2)platelet phase-aggulation and aggregation 3)coagulation phase-fibrin release. |
Treatment of external hemorrhage | General management. Direct pressure. Elevation. Tourniquet. (Over 12 hrs release may send toxins to the heart) |
Hematoma | Pocket of blood between muscle and fascia. |
Unexplained shock is best attributed to...? | Abdominal trauma |
Hemoptysis | Coughing up blood. (Possibly esophageal varices) |
Melena | Blood in stool |
Fluids disrupt clotting. Only use fluids to maintain a BP of??? | 90 systolic |
Stages of shock | Compensated-minimal change. Early sign dry mouth. Decompensated-system beginning to fail. Late sign BP drops. Irreversible-ischemia and death imminent. |
Types of shock | Hypovolemic- loss of blood volume. Distributive-prevents distribution of nutrients and removal of wastes. Anaphylactic-septic and hypoglycemic Obstructive-interfere with blood flowing thru cardiovascular sys. (Tamponade. PE. Tension pneumo. |
Shock management | A&B. ET. Control bleeding. Large bore IV's just to stabilize vitals. Keep warm. PASG. Pharmacology ONLY after fluid resuscitation. |
Cardiogenic shock management | Fluids. Vasopressors. (Dopamine). Cardiac drugs (Epi. Atropine) |
Spinal and obstructive shock management | IV resuscitation. NS and LR. |
Distributive shock management | IV resuscitation. Dopamine. PASG. |