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Environmental
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| At what temp does organ failure start? | 106 |
| Heat dissipation is by... | Sweating and vasodilation. |
| Heat conservation is done by... | Shivering and vasoconstriction. |
| Hot skin. Sweaty. Alerted mental status. Heat cramps. | Hyperthermia. |
| Heat cramps Heat exhaustion Heat stroke | Cramps -isolated muscle -loss of electrolytes. Exhaustion- (compensated) sweaty. Stroke- non compensated. |
| Mild Hypothermia (compensated) Severe Hypothermia (decompensated) | ECG will have J waves (Osborn wave) Bradycardia. VFib probable below 86 degrees. Active rewarming. Active external and internal warming. |
| Freezing of epidermis tissue. Redness followed by blanching and diminished sensation. | Superficial Frostbite. |
| Freezing of epidural and subcutaneous layers, white, frozen appearance. | Deep Frostbite. |
| Frostbite treatment. | Do not thaw the affected area if there is a possibility of refreezing. Do not massage. Give analgesic prior to thawing. Rewarm by immersion only if lengthy transport. Cover with loose sterile dressing. Elevate and immobilize thawed part. |
| Near drowning | Die after 24hrs. |
| Dry drowning | Lungs don't fill with water due to laryngospasm. |
| Wet Drowning | Lungs fill with water |
| What is mammalian diving reflex? | Decreases metabolism. The cold water drowning victim is not dead until he is warm and dead. |
| Dive injuries on the bottom | Nitrogen narcosis. |
| Dive injuries during Ascent. | Decompression illness. |