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Endocrinology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Located deep within the cerebrum. Some cells relay msgs from autonomic nervous sys to the central nervous sys. Other cells respond as gland cells to release hormones. Body's thermostat. | Hypothalamus |
| Posterior Pituitary | ADH. Oxytocin |
| Thyroid gland | Hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism. |
| Exocrine tissues secrete digestive enzymes into the small intestine. Endocrine tissues secrete hormones- insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. | Pancreas. |
| Located in the roof of the thalamus. Body's biological clock. Melatonin. | Pineal Gland. |
| Releases hCG throughout gestation. | Placenta. |
| Gastrin and secretin. | Digestive Tract. |
| Heart. | ANH |
| Renin | Kidneys |
| What produces ketones and ketosis? | When unable to obtain energy from glucose, the body begins to use fatty stores. This produces ketones and ketosis. |
| Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus | Also called juvenile dm or insulin dependant dm. Low production of insulin. Hereditary. Pronounced hyperglycemia. |
| Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. | Also called adult onset or non insulin dependant dm. Heredity and obesity. Accounts for 90% of diagnosed diabetes pt's. Less pronounced hyperglycemia. Managed with dietary changes and oral drugs to stimulate insulin production. |
| Thyroid tissue stimulated to produce excessive hormone. Probably hereditary. Weight-loss. Agitation. New onset of Afib. Protruding eyeballs. Goiters. | Graves Disease. |
| Thyrotoxic Crisis. (Thyroid Storm) | Life threatening. Over dose of thyroid hormone. High fever. Increased activity of sympathetic Nervous system. Delirium or coma. Tachycardia and hypOtension. Vomiting and diarrhea. |
| Hypothyroidism and Myxedema | Can be inherited or acquired. Untreated hypothyroidism creates Myxedema. Cold environment can trigger progression to a Myxedema coma. Thinning hair. Cold intolerance. Absence of emotion. Enlarged tongue. Cool pale dough like skin. Hypothermia. Weight gain |
| Hyperadrenalism (Cushing's syndrome) | Due to abnormalities in anterior Pituitary gland or adrenal cortex. Also caused by steroid therapy in asthma and copd pt's. |
| Adrenal insufficiency. (Addison's disease) | Due to destruction of adrenal cortex. Often hereditary. Stress may trigger Addison's crisis. May be related to steriod therapy. Sudden withdrawal can trigger Addison's crisis. Fatigue. Weight loss. Hyperpigmentation of skin. Hypokalemia. |
Created by:
Mistymedic
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