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68WM6 Test 2
68WM6 Test 2 Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the dermis? | The thick inner layer of the skin composed mainly of fibrous connective tissue. |
| Sebaceous Gland | Skin gland that secretes sebum (oil) |
| Pseudostratified Tissue | Single layer of tall cells that wedge together to appear as if there are two are more layers. |
| Where can you find pseudostratified tissue? | Surface lining on the trachea |
| What is the function of pseudostratified tissue? | Protection |
| Fibroblasts | Type of cell that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen.The most common type of connective tissues. |
| Neuron | A nerve cell. |
| Mitosis | Division of a somatic cell nucleus in the process of forming two genetically identical cells. |
| Diffusion | Movement of carbon dioxide out of all cells. |
| Cutaneous | pertaining to the skin. |
| Piloerection | goosebumps!! |
| Healing of an Epidermal Wound | Shallow break in skin which results in rapid mytosis. |
| Stratified Transitional Tissue | Many layers of varying transitional shapes capable of stretching. |
| Where can you find Stratified Transitional Tissue? | In the urinary bladder. |
| Filtration | Movement of small molecules through a membrane by a hydrostatic pressure while large molecules are restricted. |
| What are the four stages of mitosis? | 1.Prophase 2.Metaphase 3.Anaphase 4.Telophase |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Organelle composed of a system of connected membranous tubules and vessicles, along which protein is synthesized. |
| Dialysis | Separation of smaller (diffusable) particles from larger (non-diffusable) particles through a semipermeable membrane. |
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid | DNA - genetic material a double stranded polymer-stranded polymer of nucleotides. |
| Inflammation | Dilation of blood vessels in affected tissues.Skin is reddened, swollen, and painful to touch. |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | Organic molecule that stores and releases energy which may be used in cellular processes. |
| Apocrine Gland | Type of gland whose secretions contain parts of secretory cells "sweat gland" |
| Simple Columnar Tissue | Single layer of tall narrow cells. |
| Collagen | Protein in connective tissue and in bone matrix. |
| Keratinization | Process by which cells form fibrils of Keratin and harden. |
| Eccrine Glands | Respond to an elevated body temperature, environmental heat or physical exercise.Common on the forehead, neck, and back. |
| Epitheal Tissue | Covers body surfaces & organs. Forms inner lining of body cavities & lines hollow organs.Lacks blood vessels. Cells are tightly packed. |
| Exocytosis | Exo(external) cytosis (cell) |
| Exocytosis is defined as? | A process in which a cell directs the contents of secretory vessicles out of the cell membrane. Ex: hormones |
| Phagocytosis | Process by which a cell engulfs and digests solids. (literally cell eating) |
| The visible part of hair is called what? | The SHAFT! |
| Mitochondria | threadlike structures |
| Pinocytosis | Process by which a cell engulfs droplets of fluid from its surroundings.(cell drinking) |
| Telophase | Stage in which newly formed cells separate. |
| Transcription | Manufacturing a complimentary RNA from DNA |
| Organelle | Part of a cell that performs a specialized function. |
| Endocytosis | The process by which cells absorb molecules from outside the cell by engulfing it with their cell membrane. |
| Nucleoplasm | A special type of cytoplasm found in the nucleus. |
| Osteon | Cylinder shaped unit including bone cells that surround a central canal. |
| Collagenous Cells | Thick threads of protien collagen grouped in long parallel bundles. Flexible but only elastic. Provides great tensile strength. |
| Dentrite | Process of a neuron that recieves input from other neurons. |
| Cytoplasm | Contents of a cell exluding the nucleus and cell membrane. |
| Cuboidal | cell shape resembling a cube. |
| Basement Membrane | Layer of extracellular matrix that anchors epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissues. |
| Keratin | Protien in epidermis hair and nails. |
| What are the 4 major tissue types? | 1.Epithelial 2.Connective 3.Muscle 4.Nervous |
| Stratum Basale | The deepest layer of the epidermis. Contains cells undergoing mitosis. These cells are nourished by dermal blood vessels. |
| Epidermis | The epidermis is stratified squamous epithelial tissues. The outermost layer of the epidermis composed of dead cells. The bottom is composed of living cells. |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane in response to a concentration gradient. |
| Areolar | Connective tissue consisting of fibers and a cariety of cells embedded in a loose matrix of soft sticky gel. |
| Integumentary System | The skin and accessory organs. |
| Which gland is responsible for sweat? | Sudoriferous gland |
| Subcutaneous Layer (Hypodermis) | Composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue; lies beneath the dermis. |
| Adipose tissue helps conserve_____and to store____. | heat and to store energy |
| Metaphase | Stage in mitosis when chromosomes align in the middle of the cell. |
| Matrix | Intercellular substance of a tissue (not the corny movie) |
| Crenation | Abnormal notching in an erthrocyte resulting from shrinkage oafter suspension in a hypertonic solution. |
| Sudoriferous Glands | Sweat Glands |
| Nucleus | Cellular organelle enclosed by a double layered, porous membrane and containing DNA; the dense core of an atom composed of protons and neutrons. |
| Spindle Fiber | A network of tubules formed in the cytoplasm between the centrioles as they are moving away from eachother. |
| Elastic Cells | Composed of protein, thin fibers branch forming complex networks. |
| Glandular Tissue | Cells that are specialized to produce and secrete substances into ducts or into body fluids. |
| Facilitated Diffusion | Movement of particles through a membrane from an area of low concentration by the use of CARRIER MOLECULES!!! Byah! |
| Anaphase | Stage in mitosis when duplicate chromosomes move to opposite poles of cell. |
| Lysosome | Organelle that contains difestive enzymes. |
| Adipose | Fat storing tissue |
| Squamous | Flat or platelike |
| Columnar | Cells are taller than wide. |
| Arector Pili Muscle | Smooth muscle in skin associated with a hair follicle. |
| Collagen | Principle organic constituent of connective tissue. Yargh! |
| Cilia | Microscopic hairlike processes on the exposed surfaces of certain epithelial cells. |
| Chromatin | DNA and complexed protein that condenses to form chromosomes during mitosis. |
| Chromatid | One half of a replicated chromosome |
| Chondrocyte | Cartilage cell |
| Centriole | Cellular organelle built of microtubules that organizes the mitotic spindle |
| Axon | Nerve fiber conducts a nerve impulse away from a neuron cell body. |
| Nucleolus | A small structure within the cell nucleus that contains RNA and proteins. |
| Melanocytes | Melanin producing cell. |
| Hair Follicle | Tubelike depression in the skin in which a hair develops. |
| Lyse | Disintrigation of a cell. |
| Epidermis | Outer epithelial layer of the skin. |
| Ribosome | Organelle composed of RNA and protein that is a structural support for protein synthesis and includes RNA molecules that function as enzymes. |
| Interphase | Period between two cell divisions when a cell metabolizes and prepares to divide. |
Created by:
NurseMaryK
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