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Units 1 & 3-6
Vocab Review for Units 1, 3-6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| energy | the ability to cause changes in matter |
| potential energy | energy that an object has because of its position or its condition |
| kinetic energy | the energy an object has because of motion |
| electrical energy | energy that comes from electric current |
| mechanical energy | the total potential and kinetic energy of an object |
| chemical energy | energy that can be released by a chemical reaction |
| thermal energy | the total amount of kinetic energy of the particles in a substance |
| temperature | the measure of the average energy of motion of particles of matter, which we feel as how hot or cold something is |
| heat | the energy that moves between objects of different temperatures |
| static electricity | the buildup of electric charges on an object |
| electric current | the flow of electric charges along a path |
| conductor | a material that lets heat or electricity travel through it easily |
| insulator | a material that does not let heat or electricity move through it easily |
| circuit | a path along which electric charges can flow |
| series circuit | an electric circuit in which the electrical charges have only one path to follow |
| parallel circuit | an electric circuit that has more than one path for the electric charges to follow |
| balance | a tool used to measure the amount of matter in an object, which is the object’s mass |
| control | the experimental setup to which you will compare all other setups |
| evidence | information collected during a scientific investigation |
| experiment | an investigation in which all the conditions are controlled to test a hypothesis |
| investigation | a procedure carried out to carefully observe, study, or test something in order to learn more about it |
| microscopic | too small to be seen without using a microscope |
| opinion | a personal belief or judgment based on what a person thinks or feels, but not necessarily based on evidence |
| Science | the study of the natural world through observation and investigation |
| scientific method | the different ways that scientists perform investigations and collect reliable data |
| spring scale | a tool used to measure force |
| variable | any condition that can be changed in an experiment |
| accurate | in measurements, very close to the actual size or value |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| volume | the amount of space something takes up |
| solid | the state of matter in which a substance has a definite volume and a definite shape |
| liquid | the state of matter in which a substance has a definite volume but no definite shape |
| gas | the state of matter in which a substance does not have a definite shape or definite volume |
| relative density | it determines whether one substance will sink or float in another substance |
| solubility | the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance |
| mixture | a combination of two or more different substances in which the substances keep their identities |
| solution | a mixture that has the same combination throughout because all its parts are mixed evenly |
| force | a push or pull, which may cause a change in an object's motion |
| gravity | the force of attraction between objects; such as the attraction between Earth and objects on it |
| friction | a force that acts between two touching objects and that opposes motion |
| balanced forces | forces that cancel each other out, because they are equal in size and opposite in direction |
| unbalanced forces | forces that cause a change in an object's motion because they don't cancel each other out |
| wave | a disturbance that carries energy, such as sound or light, through matter or space |
| volume | the loudness of a sound |
| pitch | the highness or lowness of a sound |
| light | a form of energy that can travel through space and lies partly within the visible range |
| electromagnetic spectrum | all energy waves that travel at the speed of light in a vacuum, including radio, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays |
| opaque | not allowing light to pass through |
| transparent | allows light to pass through |
| translucent | allows only some light to pass through |
| frequency | a measure of the number of waves that pass a point in a second |
| reflection | the bouncing of light waves when they encounter an obstacle |
| refraction | the bending of light waves as they pass from one material to another |
| prism | a transparent object that bends and separates white light into the colors of the rainbow |
Created by:
wmsScience
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