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Earth Science Final
Semester final over Earth Systems, Topo Maps, Rocks and Minerals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the source of Earth’s magnetic field? | Outer Core |
| What is the magnetosphere? | sphere that goes into space it protects us from suns wind |
| The deepest part of the Marianan Trench is called the _______ | Challenger Deep |
| In this Structural Zone due to heat and pressure rock is able to flow | Asthenosphere |
| 218 million years ago Carlsbad Caverns was a | Ocean/Sea |
| The floor of the Pacific Ocean is moving | West |
| What percentage of the hydrosphere is made up of salt water from the ocean? | 97% |
| All the water on Earth is in which sphere? | Hydrosphere |
| Together, the earth's crust and upper mantle are called the_________ | lithosphere |
| The force exerted on an object by the pull of gravity is called the object's | weight |
| The zone of the earth that consists of a solid part and a liquid part is the __________ | core |
| The inner core of the Earth is a _______ | Solid |
| In the deepest mine in the world, there is about _______ of gold in a ton of rock. | a sugar cube |
| 70% of the earth's hydrosphere is made up of what? | Salt water from the ocean |
| The outermost zone of the earth is made up of________ | Oceanic Crust and Continental Crust |
| The mass of an object is defined by ________ | the amount of matter in the object |
| What is the only zone of the earth that is thought to be liquid? | Outer core |
| The force of gravity between two massive objects will increase if the objects are _____. | closer together |
| The two basic components of the universe are energy and ________. | matter |
| The four main spheres that Earth is composed of is the biosphere, geosphere, atmosphere and the | hydrosphere |
| In order to survive the Earth needs a constant supply of _____. | energy |
| The _________ variable is what is changed in an experiment | independent |
| Seafloor spreading is the | mechanism for our continents drifting |
| A plate boundary at which one plate slides under the other is called a | convergent boundary |
| What is the source of heat in the mantle? | radioactivity |
| Which scientist first proposed that thermal convection in the mantle causes continental drift? | Holmes |
| The place where new seafloor is created. | Mid Oceanic Ridges |
| Scientist who first proposed the theory that continents drifted. | Wegener |
| What was the name of the ancient super continent? | Pangea |
| This evidence in tropical southern Africa and S. America supports continents were once joined | Glacial Debris |
| As rock moves away from mid-ocean ridge, it is replaced by | molten rock |
| Paleomagnetism of the ocean floor is used to identify the | time rock cooled and hardened based on magnetic orientation |
| Which of the following may result from the collision of one continental plate with another? | mountain folding |
| A contour line that is bold is called | an index contour |
| The difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area being mapped is | relief |
| Contour lines that are closer together on maps of | steep areas |
| The elevation difference between two contour lines on a map is called the | contour interval |
| On topographic maps, contour lines that form closed loops indicate | hilltops |
| What does the green areas represent on a topographic map? | woodlands |
| How is latitude measured? | In degrees |
| The prime meridian passes through which of the following countries? | England |
| The North Pole has a latitude of | 90 degrees North |
| The latitude of the equator is | 0 degrees |
| On a map, a list of symbols and their meanings is called | a legend |
| The difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area being mapped is | relief |
| Contour lines are farther apart on maps of | flat areas |
| Which of the following best describes the material that makes up the earth’s asthenosphere? | a solid that flows |
| Seafloor spreading occurs at | divergent boundaries |
| Finding made in the 40s that compared continent rocks to rocks by centers of seafloor spreading | The rocks at spreading centers were younger. |
| Magma is an ______________ stage of forming a specific type of rock. | intermediate |
| Metamorphism is the best defined as the | changing of rock by heat and pressure |
| Two processes responsible for changing sediments into sedimentary rock are compaction and | cementation |
| The process by which sedimentary rock becomes metamorphic rock | intense heat and pressure |
| Limestone forms from the remains of living things, so it is a type of ________ sedimentary rock | organic |
| The changing of rock by pressure from colliding tectonic plates is called | Regional Metamorphism |
| Where does most metamorphic rock form? | deep below the earth's surface |
| Magma is considered lava when | it breaks to the Earth's surface |
| Sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of plants and animals is called | organic |
| On a topographic map, contour lines that bend to form a V-shape indicate | direction of river flow |
| What is the ability of a mineral to attract iron? | magnetism |
| The ten most common minerals make up what percentage of the earth's crust? | 90% |
| The two most abundant elements in common minerals are | silicon and oxygen |
| How many oxygen atoms are in a silicon-oxygen tetrahedron? | 4 |
| Color is not a very reliable way to identify a mineral because.... | elements and weathering can affect the color of the mineral |
| What is the purpose of a streak plate? | to determine a true color in powdered form |
| Diamond has which type of luster? | brilliant |
| The properties of a mineral are primarily a result of its | chemical composition |
| A mineral that splits into even sheets shows what type of property? | Good Cleavage |
| The most common minerals are | silicates |
| Minerals that continue to glow after exposure to ultraviolet light are called | phosphorescent |
| What type of luster would gold and copper have? | Metallic |
| A non-silicate mineral is one that does not have compounds of... | silicon and oxygen |
| A mineral in which all atoms are bonded tightly together will most likely be | hard |
| The ability of a mineral to glow only during exposure to ultraviolet light is known as? | fluorescence |
| Pangaea was the term Wegner used to describe... | an ancient single landmass |
| The way in which a mineral reflects light is called_________ | Luster |
| The tendency of a mineral to form smooth, flat surfaces along break is______ | Cleavage |
| All silicate minerals contain atoms of silicon and | Oxygen |
| The way in which a mineral breaks along irregular or curved surfaces is called | fracture |
| he cat's eye effect in minerals is called | Chatoyancy |
Created by:
brentwilsford
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