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Name the types of light microscopes.
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Bending of light rays at the interface of one medium with another
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Micro- XULA

Micro Notes CH-2

QuestionAnswer
Name the types of light microscopes. Light, Dark, Phase-Contrast, Flourescence
Bending of light rays at the interface of one medium with another Refraction
A measure of how greatly a substance slows the velocity of light is _____ Refractive Index
The direction and magnitude of bending is determined by the _______ Refractive indexes
Lenses focus light rays at a specific place called the ______ Focal Point
What is the focal length? Distance b/w center of lens and focal point
The strength of the lens is related to _____ length Focal
Short Focal Length--> More Magnification. (T/F) True
What produces a dark image against a bright background? Bright-Field Microscope
Product of the magnifications of the ocular lens and the objective lens is _____ total magnification
Whats the magnification and resolution of the Bright-Field microscope? M-2000X R-0.2 nanometers
Common multipurpose microscope for live and preserved stained specimen is the ____ Bright-Field Microscope
Shorter Wavelength-->Greater Resolution (T/F) True
Wavelength of light used is a major factor in ______ resolution
Produces a bright image of the object against a dark background. Dark-Field Microscope
What's used to observe living, unstained preparations? Dark-Field Microscope
A Magnification of 2000X and a Resolution of 0.2 nanometers is/are used by which microscope(s) PhaseContrast/Dark/Light-Field Microscopes
Which microscope is an excellent way to observe living cells? Phase-Contrast Microscope
Which microscope exposes a specimen to UV, violet or blue light? Fluorescence Microscope
In the Fluorescence Microscope, specimens are usually stained with ____ Fluorochromes
What shows a bright image of the object resulting from the fluorescent light emitted by the speciman? Fluorescence Microscope
The Differential Interference Microscope creates images by detecting ________ and _____ of different parts of specimen. Differences in refractive indices & Thickness
The process by which internal and external structures are preserved and fixed in position is called Fixation
What preserves overall morphology but not internal structures (type of fixation) Heat Fixation
What protects the cellular substructure and morphology of larger, more delicate organisms? (type of fixation) Chemical Fixation
A staining process in which a single staining agent is used Simple Staining
A staining process that divides organisms into 2 or more separate groups depending on their reaction to the ame staining procedure Differential Staining
A substance that accelerates the reaction of cell structures with a dye so the cell is more intensly stained Mordant
A staining procedure in which the background is dark and the organism remains unstained Negative Staining
A staining process in which heat is used to Increase the affinity of bacterial endospores to dye; (endospores are usually resistant to simple staining procedures) Spore Staining
A staining process that enables the observation of thin, threadlike flagella by increasing their thickness and then staining them. Flagella Staining
Why are smears heat fixed prior to staining? a)Kill Organisms b)Preserve internal structure c)Attach organism to slide D)All
Which type of microscope is best for visualizing small morphological features w/i a cell interior? a)Light B)Transmission Electron c)Dark d)Scanning Electron
Transmission electron microscopy, a specimen can be spread out in a thin film w/ uranyl acetate,which doesnt penetrate the specimen. Whats this procedure? A)Negative Staining b)Shadowing c)Freeze Etching d)Simple Staining
Transmission electron microscopy requiers use of thin slices of a microbial specimen. What should the thickness of the specimen be? a)20-100mm b)100-200nm C)20-100nm d).2-10nm
Which type of microscope best reveals surface features of an organism? a)fluorescence microscopy b)phase-contrast C)scanning elctron d)transmission electron
As the magnification of a series of objective lenses increases, what happens to the working distance? a)increases B)decreases c)stays same d)canot be predicted
Gram staining procedure differentiates bacteria based on the chemical composition of which cell structure? a_cytoplasmic membrane B)cell wall c)cytoplasm d)chromosome
Whats the distance b/w the focal point of a lens and the center of the lens called? a)working distance b)numerical aperture C)focal length d)parallax distance
A microscopes able to keep objects in focus when the objective lens is changed. What term is used to describe this property? a)equifocal B)parfocal c)optically constant d)focally constant
Which microscope is especially useful for examining thick specimen like biofilms? a)transmission electron b)dark-phase-contrast C)confocal scanning laser d)bright-field light
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