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Nutrition Ch. 14
Nutrition Chapter 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Carbohydrates make people fat. | 1. FALSE. The body converts calories consumed in excess of need to body fat, whether those calories are from carbohydrates, protein, fat, or alcohol. |
| 2. People shaped like “apples” have greater health risks than people shaped like “pears.” | 2. TRUE. Although the mechanism is not clear, people of either gender with a high distribution of abdominal fat (“apples”) have a greater health risk than people with excess fat in the hips and thighs (“pears”). |
| 3. Anyone with a high body mass index (BMI) is at risk for health problems. | 3. FALSE. BMI can be elevated for reasons other than excess fat such as large muscle mass. |
| 4. Inactivity is a major cause of obesity in Americans. | 4. TRUE. Physical inactivity, as well as overeating, are major contributors to obesity. |
| 5. Obesity-related health problems improve only after BMI is lowered to normal. | 5. FALSE. Obesity-related problems improve or are resolved with a modest weight loss of 5 to 10% of initial weight even if healthy weight is not achieved. |
| 6. If a person will try only one strategy, lowering calories is more effective at promoting short-term weight loss than increasing activity is. | 6. TRUE. Most short-term weight loss occurs from a decrease in total calorie intake. Physical activity helps to maintain weight loss. |
| 7. Even if weight loss does not occur, increasing activity helps to lower blood pressure and improves glucose tolerance. | 7. TRUE. With or without weight loss, an increase in physical activity helps to lower blood pressure and improve glucose tolerance. |
| 8. People who eat fewer than 1200 cal may need a multivitamin and mineral supplement. | 8. TRUE. Eating plans that provide less than 1200 calories may not provide adequate amounts of essential nutrients. |
| 9. For weight loss, it is better to cut carbohydrates than to cut fat grams. | 9. FALSE. Neither cutting carbohydrates nor cutting fat grams ensures weight loss unless total calories are reduced. There is no magic combination of nutrients that causes weight loss independent of reducing calories. |
| 10. Bulimia poses fewer nutritional problems than anorexia does. | 10. TRUE. People affected by bulimia tend to have fewer medical complications than those affected by anorexia because the undernutrition is less severe. |
| Storing a disproportionate amount of total body fat in the abdomen increases risks for what | type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. |
| Men with a waist circumference greater than ?? inches and women with a waist circumference greater than ?? inches are at increased risk for health problems associated with central adiposity. | Men 40 inches Women 35 inches |
| Percent of Americans that claim to be active for 30 minutes/day? | 22% |
| A better alternative is a commitment to? | A lifestyle change that is permanent |
| Self-monitoring eating | involves recording the how, what, when, where, and why of eating to provide an objective tool to help identify eating behaviors that need improvement. |
| Stress management | involves using strategies such as meditation and relaxation techniques to lower stress, which may improve eating behaviors. |
| Stimulus control | involves avoiding or changing cues that trigger undesirable behaviors (e.g., keeping “problem” foods out of sight or out of the house) or instituting new cues to elicit positive behaviors. |
| Obese clients should change their activity patterns how? | slowly, gradually increasing the frequency, duration, and intensity of exercise. |
| Four things to do to promote weight loss? | 1. Replace “bad” fats with “good” fats but use “good” fats in moderation. 2. Choose carbohydrates carefully. 3. Get enough calcium. 4. Be flexible in the approach. |
| Morbid Obesity | BMI > 40, or about 100 pounds of excess weight for men, 80 pounds for women. |
| Two Drugs approved for the treatment of morbid obesity? | Sibutramine & Orlistat |
| Anorexia Nervosa (AN) | a condition of self-imposed fasting or severe self-imposed dieting (clients weigh less than 85% of expected weight, which translates to a BMI of 17.5 or less for adults (>20 years old |
| Bulimia Nervosa (BN) | an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of bingeing and purging |
| What is the percent of eating disorders that occur in adolescence? | 85% |
| What is the percentage of eating disorders attributed to women? Peak Years? | 90-95% 12-13 y/o and 19-20y/o |
| Refeeding Syndrome | a reaction to overfeeding characterized by sudden and sometimes severe hypophosphatemia, sudden drops in potassium and magnesium, glucose intolerance, hypokalemia, GI dysfunction, and cardiac arrhythmias. |
Created by:
cspearsall
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