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Anatomy Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Antidiuretic Hormone | a relatively small molecule released by the pituitary gland that has an antidiuretic action that prevents the production of dilute urine |
| Bile | emulsifies fats; it makes lipase to digest the fats, it can't actually digest anything |
| Carboxypeptidase | an enzyme synthesized in the pancreas and secreted in the small intestine that is involved with breaking down protein |
| Cholecystokinin | peptide hormone of the gastrointestinal system responsible for stimulating pancreas to release enzymes that are involved with the digestion of fat & protein |
| Cerebellum | smaller structure posterior & inferior to the cerebral hemispheres. It plays an important role in motor control, & it may also be involved in some cognitive functions but its movement-related functions are the most solidly established |
| Cholera | an infectious & often fatal bacterial disease of the small intestine, typically contracted from infected water supplies & causing severe vomiting & diarrhea |
| Diabetes Insipidus | a condition characterized by large amounts of dilute urine & increased thirst due to a lack of antidiuretic hormone |
| Diabetes Mellitus | occur when the body doesn't produce insulin or cell's sensitivity toward insulin decreased, causing blood sugar to increase in the blood stream. It is also characterized by polyuria & thirst but urine is concentrated with sugar |
| Diencephalon | contains the thalamus & hypothalamus; thalamus (relay & processing center of sensory information) hypothalamus (center controlling emotions, autonomic functions & hormone production) |
| Diverticula | increased pressure pushes the wall of the colon outward at a certain weak point |
| Diverticulitis | an inflammation or infection in one or more small pouches in the digestive tract |
| E Coli | a bacterium in the large intestine that ferments the food producing vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting |
| Ectoderm | the outermost later of cells or tissue of an embryo in early development, or the parts derived from this, which include the epidermis & nerve tissues |
| Emulsify | the breakdown of fat globules in the duodenum into tiny droplets, which provides a larger surface area on which the enzyme pancreatic lipase can act to digest the fats into fatty acids & glycerol |
| Endoderm | the innermost layer of cells or tissue of an embryo in early development, or the parts derived from this, which include the lining of the gut & associated structures |
| Erythropoietin (EPO) | a hormone released from the kidneys, when oxygen levels decrease; stimulates erythropoiesis (red blood cell formation) in red bone marrow |
| Feces | bodily wastes discharged through the anus |
| Gastrin | stimulates the production of pepsin; it increases mobility of the stomach; it churns the food within the stomach |
| Gluconeogenesis | the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates such as lactate, glycerol, & glycogenic amino acids |
| Haustra | pockets that slow down the movement of food in the large intestine to allow the absorption of water |
| Prosencephalon | the forebrain |
| Pyloric Sphincter | a band of smooth muscle at the junction between the pylorus of the stomach & the duodenum of the small intestine |
| Renin | an enzyme secreted by & stored in the kidneys that promotes the production of the protein angiotensin |
| Rhombencephalon | the most caudal of the three primary vesicles formed in embryonic development of the brain, which later divides into the metencephalon & the myelencephalon |
| Salivary Amylase | a digestive enzyme produced largely by the salivary glands that converts starches to sugars |
| Secretin | hormone that regulates secretions in the stomach, pancreas & liver |
| Segmentation | these movements churn & fragment the digestive material, mixing the contents with intestinal secretions |
| Superior Colliculus | a paired structure of the midbrain. it is important in terms of function as the primary integrating center for visual reflexes |
| Taenia Coli | are 3 separate longitudinal ribbons of smooth muscle on the outside of the ascending, transverse, descending & sigmoid colons |
| Telencephalon | forms the cerebrum, which possesses the paired cerebral hemispheres that dominates the superior & lateral surfaces of the adult brain |
Created by:
jenessaaa27
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