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chapter 11
sexual reproduction and meiosis
Question | Answer |
---|---|
sexual reproduction is..... | 2 parents give genetic material to produce offspring |
what is a somatic cell.... | do not participate in sexual reproduction |
how many chromosomes does a human somatic cell have | 46 |
what is a germ cell | specializes in sexual reproduction |
what is another name for a reproductive cell | gamete |
male gamete? | sperm |
female gamete? | ovum(egg) |
how many chromosomes do human gametes have | 23 |
what is a zygote | fusion of gametes |
define diploid | 2 sets of chromosomes (cell) |
diploid symbol | 2n |
define haploid | 1 set of chromosome |
haploid symbol | n |
male animals produce gametes | spermatogenesis |
female animals produce gametes | oogenisis |
name the human sex chromosomes | x and y |
what are homologous chromosomes | chromosomes similar in size shape and genes |
what happens during crossing over | exchange of genetic material |
in meiosis what phase does crossing over occur | prophase 1 |
what is separated in anaphase 1 | homologous chromosomes |
how many cells are formed in telophase1 | 2 |
what lines up in metaphase 2 | single chromosomes |
what is separated in anaphase 2 | sister chromatids |
how many cells are formed at the end of telophase 2 | 4 |
what types of cells are formed in the end of telophase 2 | gametes |
what are the 3 contributions to genetic variations | crossing over independent assortment random fertilization |