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Ch 8 Earth and Space
Definitions from Earth and Space Science BJU Press Ch 8
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| rocket | is a device that moves by pushing matter out of its end |
| Newtons 3rd law of motion | For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
| congreve rocket | he Congreve rocket was a British military weapon designed and developed by Sir William Congreve in 1804, based directly on Mysorean rockets |
| Hale rocket | a patent on what he called the rotary, or stickless, rocket. Hale stabilized fired rockets by forcing them to rotate with the means of canted exhaust holes. |
| ICBM | intertercontinental ballistic missiles, a missile that is launched high in an arching path that falls to its target by gravity alone |
| satellite | is an object in orbit around an celestial body. they can be artificial or natural ( moon ) |
| stage | two or more rockets stacked on top of one another |
| low earth orbit | an orbit parallel to the equator |
| polar orbit | orbit travels in a path over the north and south poles |
| sun synchronous orbit | the satellite passes over a given point on the same time of day for a given season |
| geosychronous orbit | satellites that must view the same spot on the earth 24 hours per day |
| scientific satellite | satellites used mainly for scientific research |
| applications satellite | satellites designed for specific uses such as weather predictions |
| GPS | Global Positioning System, satellite navigation system |
| probe | space vehicles placed in orbits around the sun or other planets |
| sounding rocket | rockets used to make a sounding |
| sounding | a vertical enviromental probe of the atmosphere |
| outer planets | the planets beyond mars |
| Kuiper belt object KBO | Any of the small icy bodies orbiting the sun in the Kuiper belt, generally having a diameter less than Pluto's. |
| earth-trailing orbit | where the probe is close to the sun but is nor orbiting it l |
| halo orbit | A halo orbit is a periodic, three-dimensional orbit |
| heliopause | the boundary of the heliosphere. |
| project mercury | America's first manned space program/flights |
| project Gemini | project Gemini was NASA's second human spaceflight program. Conducted between projects Mercury and Apollo, Gemini started in 1961 and concluded in 1966. The Gemini spacecraft carried a two-astronaut crew. ... Their launch vehicle was the Gemini–Titan II |
| Project Apollo | America's project to get men on the moon |
| space station | a large artificial satellite used as a long-term base for manned operations in space. |
| International Space Station (ISS) | The International Space Station is a large spacecraft. It orbits around Earth. It is a home where astronauts live. The space station is also a science lab. Many countries worked together to build it. |
| microgravity | little gravity enviroment that is helpful to do tests in space |
| space shuttle | a reusable orbiter that can carry man into space |
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