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Pre/intra/post op
pre/intra/post op
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a diagnosis surgery | determination of the presence and/or extent of pathology |
| 2 examples of diagnosis surgery | lymph node biopsy, bronchoscopy |
| What is a cure surgery | elimination or repair of pathology |
| 2 examples of a cure surgery | removeal of ruptured appendix, benign ovarian cyst |
| What is a palliation surgery | alleviation of symptoms w/o cure |
| 2 examples of palliation surgery | cutting a nerve root(rhizotomy) to remove sx of pain, creating a colostomy to bypass an inoperable bowel obstruction |
| What is a prevention surgery | removing something before cancer or complication can start |
| 2 examples of prevention surgery | removal of a mole before it becomes malignant, removal of the colon in a pt with familial polyposis to prevent cancer |
| What is exploration surgery | surgical examination to dertermine the nature or extent of disease |
| 1 example of exploration surgery | laparotomy |
| What is cosmetic imporvement surgery | Changing a part of the body that has been changed for the worse by unforseen curcumstances. |
| 2 examples of cosmetic improvement surgery | Repairing a burn, scar, or breast change. |
| What is Elective surgery | carefully planned surgery |
| What is a Emergancy surgery | Unexpected stat surgery |
| What is a ambulatory surgery | Same day or outpatient surgery. Surgeries usually less than 2 hours and 3-4hrs in PACU |
| What drugs should cause alert prior to surgery | Immunosuppression meds, anticoagulantes, NSAIDS, Herbs |
| Whatis the importance of doing a cardiovascular assessment prior to surgery | To determine the presence of preexiting disease or existing problems that need to be monitored during/after surgery |
| What is the importance of doing a respiratory assessment prior to surgery | to determine problems that need to me monitored during/after surgery. bronchospasm, laryngospasm decrease O2 saturations |
| What is the importance of doing a Nervous system assessment prior to surgery | To make sure they have the same cognitive/physical abilities before/after surgery |
| What is the importance of doing a Urinary system assessment prior to surgery | decrease renal function may contribute to an altered response to drugs & unperdictable drug elimination |
| What is the importance of doing Hepatic system assessment prior to surgery | Exsisting problems increase perioperative risk for clotting abnormalities and adverse reactions to meds |
| What is the importance to doing skin assessement prior to surgery | Wound healing problems, effects of anethesia on obese pt, the need for more padding on thinner pts |
| what is the importance of doing musculoskeletal assessment prior surgery | mobility restrictions may influence intra/post operative positioning and ambulation |
| What is the importance of doing an assessment on the endocrine system | adverse reactions to anesthesia and surgery delayed healing/infection (hypo/hyperthyroidism) |
| what is the importance of doing a immune system assessment | Impairement of the immune system can lead to delayed wouldn healing and increase risk of post op infections |
| what is the importance of doind a nutritional status assessment prior to surgery | obese vs malnurited could = decrease healing, longer lasting effects |
| What are the 2 conditions that must be met for consent to be valid | Adequate disclosure of the DX, Pt must demonstrate clear understanding, pt much give consent voluntarily |
| What are the RNs responsibility in regards to the consent | witness, verify pt understands |
| What is the role of the pre op RN | Pre-op teaching, assessment, communication of pertinent findings, ensuring all pre-op orders are completed |
| What is conscious sedation | drug induced depression of consciousness that retains the pt ability to maintain his/her own airway & respond to verbal commands |
| What is general anesthesia | loss of sensation with loss of consciousness |
| what is local anesthesia | loss of sensation w/o loss of consciousness |
| What is regional anesthesia | loss of sensation to a region of the body w/o loss of consciousness |
| What is the role of opiods during anesthesia | sedation, analgesia, intraoperatively for induction and amaintenance of anesthesia and anagesics & post op pain maintaince |
| What is the role of benzodiazepines with anesthesia | Premedication for amnesia, induction & maintence, supplemental IV sedation |
| What is malignant hyperthermia | metabolic disease characterized by hyperthermia with rigidity of skeletal muscles that can result in death |
| What is the reversal agent for malignant hyperthermia | Dantrolene |
| What complications can arise with respiratory system | Airway obstruction, Hypoxemia(atelectasis), Bronchospasm, Hypoventalation |
| What complications can arise with cardiovascular system | Hypotension, hypertension |
| What complications can arise with neurological/Psychological system | emergence delirium |
| Treatment for a airway obstruction | pt stimulation, O2, suctioning, antihistumines, corticosteriods, intubations |
| TX for Hypoxemia(atelectasis) | O2, bronchodilators |
| Tx for Bronchospasm | O2, bronchodilators |
| TX for Hypoventalation | stimulation, repositionsing, ventalation, O2 |
| Tx for Hypotension | O2, IV bolus, Meds |
| Tx for HTN | O2, analgesics, drug therapy |
| TX for emergence delirium | sedation (goes away with time) |
| TX for Hypothermia | warm blanket, forced air warmers, heated water mattresses |
| TX for nausea & vomiting | antiemetic or prokinetic drugs |
| TX for adb distention | freq ambulation, expel flatus |
| Complications for urinary system | decrease urine output, Acute urinary retention, Oliguria |
| Complications for integumentray(skin)system | wound infection, delayed wound healing |
| Midazolam(Versed) is used for what | Reduce anxiety, amnesic effects |
| What drug is Midazolam(Versed) in | benzodiazepine |
| Adverse reactions for Medazolam(Versed) | apnea, laryngospasm, respiratory depression, cardia arrest, phlebitis @IV site |
| Nursing considerations for Midazolam(Versed) | Assess LOC, Monitor Vitals |
| What is morphine used for | pain control |
| What class is morphine in | opioids |
| What are the adverse reactions/side effects for morphine | confusion, sedation, respiratory depression, hypotension, constipation |
| what is the nursing considerations for morphine | Assess pain q hr, assess LOC, Assess Bowel function, vitals |
| What is Promethazine used for | Antiemetic, anithistamine, sedative |
| What are the adverse reactions/side effects for promethazine | Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, confusion, disorientation, sedation |
| What are the nursing considerations for promethazine | Monitor vitals, Assess state of mind |
| What is Ondansetron(Zofran) used for | prevent nausea & vomiting |
| What drug class is Ondansetron(Zofran) in | Antiemetic |
| What are the adverse effects/side effects for Ondansetron(Zofran) | Headache, constipation, diarrhea |
| What are the nursing implications for Ondansetron(zofran) | assess pt for involuntary movements, assess for nausea, vomiting, abd distention |
| What is Oxycodone/acetaminophen(Percocet) used for | Pain relief |
| What drug class is OXycodone/acetaminophen(Percocet) in | Opioid |
| What are the adverse effects/side effects of Percocoet | confusion, sedation, respiratory depression, constipation |
| What are the nursing consideration for Percocoet | Assess pain, vitals, bowel function |
| What is Hydrocodone(vicodin) used for | Pain relief |
| What drug class is Hydrocodone(vicoden) in | Opioid |
| What are the adverse reactions/side effects of Hydrocodone(vicoden) | confusion, dizziness, sedation, hypotension, constipation, dyspepsia, nausea |
| What are the nursing considerations for Hydrocodone(Vicoden) | Assess vitals, bowel function, pain |
| In what assessment do you assess bleeding/clotting times | Cardiovascular assessment |
| pt with COPD or asthma is at high risk for what? | Atelectasis and Hypoxemia |
| Post-op delirium can occur with what? | dehydration, hypothermia, and adjunctive medications |
| Pts with Diabetes Mellitus are at high risk for what? | hypo/hyperdylcemia, ketosis, cardiovascular alterations, delayed wound healing, infection |
| Renal dysfunction contriutes to what issues | Fluid and electrolye imbalances, increased risk for infection, impaired wound healing, altered resonse to drugs and their elimination |
| Pts with Addisons disease are at risk for what? | Abruptly stopping replacement corticosteroids could cause addisonian crisis |
| Obese pts have what problems in post op | stresses cardiac and pulmonary systems, increased risk of wound dehisence and infections, delayed wound healing, slower recovery from anesthesia |
Created by:
nate7722
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