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6 Urinary System

urinary system	Answer
kidneys	two bean-shaped organs located on each side of the verttebral column on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity behind the parietal peritoneum
nephron	urine-producing microscopic structure. approx 1 million in wach kidney
glomerulus	cluster of capillaries at the entrance of the nephron. The process of filterin the blood, and forming urine, begins here.
renal pelvis	funnel-shaped reservoir the collects the wrine and passes it to the ureter
hilum	indentation on the medial side of the kidney where the ureter leaves the kidney
ureters	2 slender tubes, approx 10-13 inches long. recieve the urine from the kidneys to carry it to the posterior portion of the bladder
cyst/o	bladder, sac
vesic/o	bladder, sac
glomerul/o	glomerulus
meat/o	meatus (opening)
nephr/o	kidney
ren/o	kidney
pyel/o	renal pelvis
ureter/o	ureter
urethr/o	urethra
urinary bladder	muscular, hollow organ that temporarily holds the urine
urethra	lowest part of the urinary tract, through which urine passes from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
urinary meatus	opening through which the urine passes to the outside
albumin/o	albumin
azot/o	urea, nitrogen
blast/o	developing cell, germ cell
glyc/o	sugar
glycos/o	sugar
hydr/o	water
lith/o	stone, calculus
noct/i	night
olig/o	scanty, few
son/o	sound
tom/o	cut, section
urin/o	urine, urinary tract
ur/o	urine, urinary tract
-iasis	condition
-esis	condition
-lysis	loosening, dissolution, separating
-megaly	enlargement
-ptosis	drooping, sagging, prolapse
-rrhaphy	suturing, repairing
-tripsy	surgical crushing
-trophy	nourishment, development
-uria	urine, urination
cystitis	inflammation of the bladder
cystocele	protrusion of the bladder
cystolith	stone in the bladder
glomerulonephritis	inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney
hydronephrosis	abnormal condition of water in the kidney
nephritis	inflammation of a kidney
nephroblastoma	kidney tumor containing developing cells
nephrohypertrophy	excessive development (increase in size) of the kidney
nephrolithiasis	condition on stones in the kidney
nephroma	tumor of the kidney
nephromegaly	enlargement of a kidney
nephroptosis	drooping kidney
pyelitis	inflammation of the renal pelvis
pyelonephritis	inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney
uremia	condition of urine in the blood
ureteritis	inflammation of a ureter
ureterocele	protrusion of a ureter
ureterolithiasis	condiation of stones in the ureters
ureterostenosis	narrowing of the ureter
urethrocystitis	inflammation of the urethra and the bladder
epispadias	congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis
hypospadias	congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis
polycystic kidney disease	condition in which the kidney contains many cysts and is enlarged
renal calculi	stones in the kidney
renal hypertension	elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney disease
sepsis	condition in which pathogenic microorgansisms, usually bacteria, enter the bloodstream, causing a systematic inflammatory response to the infection (septicemia)
urinary retention	abnoraml accumulation of urine in the bladder because of an inability to urinate
urinary suppression	sudden stoppage of urine formation
urinary tract infection ( UTI )	infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract
cystectomy	excision of the bladder
cystolithotomy	incision of the bladder to remove a stone
cystorrhaphy	suturing of the bladder
cystostomy or vesicotomy	incision of the bladder
lithotripsy	surgical crushing of a stone
nephrectomy	excision of a kidney
nephrolysis	separating the kidney (from otehr body structures)
nephropexy	surgical fixation of the kidney
nephropyelithotomy	incision through the kidney to the renal pelvis to remove a stone
nephrostomy	creation of an artificial opening into the kidney
pyeolithotomy	incision of the renal pelvis to remove a stone
pyeoplasty	surgical repair of the renal pelvis
ureterectomy	excision of a ureter
ureterostomy	creation of an artificial opening into the ureter
urethroplasty	surgical repair of the urethra
vesicourethral suspension	suspension pertaining to the bladder and the urethra
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)	noninvasive treatment for removal of kidney or ureteral stones
fulguration	destruction of living tissue with an eletric spark (commonly used to remove bladder growths)
renal transplant	surgical implantation of a donor kidney to replace a nonfunctioning kidney
cystogram	xray image of the bladder
cystography	xray imaging of the bladder
intravenous urogram (IVU)	xray image of the urinary tract (intravenous pyelogram)
nephrogram	xray image of the kidney
nephrosonography	process of recording the kidney using sound (ultrasound test)
nephrotomogram	xray image of the kidney
renogram	record of the kidney (nuclear mediciine test)
retrograde urogram	xray image of the urinary tract with contrast medium instilled through urethral catheters by a cystoscope
voiding cystourethrography	xray imaging of the bladder and the urethra
cystoscope	instrument used for visual exam of the bladder
cystoscopy	visual exam of the bladder
meatoscope	instrument used for visual exam of the meatus
meatoscopy	visual exam of the meatus
nephropscoy	visual exam of the kidney
urethroscope	instrument used for visual exam of the urethra
urinometer	instrument used to measure (specific gravity) urine
KUB (kidney, ureter, bladder)	simple xray image of the abdomen
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)	a blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood (determines kidney function)
creatinine	blood test that measures the amount of creatinine in the blood (elevated amount indicates imapired kidney function)
specific gravity (SG)	test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys
urinalysis (UA)	multiple rountine tests performed on a urine specimen
albuminuria	albumin in the urien
anuria	abscence of urine
aztoemia	urea and nitrogenous substances in the blood
diuresis	condition of urien passing through (increased excreation)
dysuria	difficult or painful urination
glycosuria	sugar (glucose) in the urine
hematuria	blood in the urine
meatal	pertaining to the meatus
nephrologist	physician who studies and treats disease of the kidney
nephrology	study of the kidney
nocturia	night urination
oliguria	scanty urine
polyuria	excessive urine
pyuria	pus in the urine
urinary	pertaining to the urine
urologist	physician who studies and treats the urinary tract
urology	study of the urinary tract
catheter (cath)	flexible, tubelike device, such as a urinary catheter, for withdrawing or instilling fluids
distended	stretched out
diuretic	agent the increases the formation and excretion of urine
enuresis	involuntary urination
hemodialysis (HD)	procedure for removing impurities from the blood because of an inablitly of the kidneys to do so
incontinence	inability to control bladder and/or bowels
micturate	to urinate or void
peritoneal dialysis	procedure for removing toxic wastes when the kidney is unable to do so
stricture	abnormal narrowing
urinal	receptical for urine
urinary catheterization	passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine
urodynamics	pertaining to the force and the flow of urine within the urinary tract
void	to empty or evacuate waste material, especially urine

Created by: butch14

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