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Ch. 3 Terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
cell theory | the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell |
diffusion | the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density |
concentration gradient | a difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance |
osmosis | the diffusion of water or another solvent from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution through a membrane that is permeable to the solvent |
isotonic | solution that has an equal concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution |
hypertonic | describes a solution whose solute concentration inside a cell |
hypotonic | describes a solution whose solute concentration inside a cell |
facilitated diffusion | the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins |
active transport | the movement of chemical substances, usually across the cell membrane, against a concentration gradient; requires cells to use energy |
endocytosis | the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell |
phagocytosis | uptake of a solid particle into a cell by engulfing the particle |
exocytosis | the process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance |
cytoplasm | |
organelle | |
prokaryotic cell | |
eukaryotic cell | |
cytoskeleton | |
nucleus | |
endoplasm reticulum | |
ribosome | |
Golgi apparatus | |
vesicle | |
mitochondrion | |
vacuole | |
lysosome | |
centriole | |
cell wall | |
chloroplast | |
cell membrane | |
phospholipid | |
fluid mosaic model | |
selective permeability | |
receptor |