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PCS Earth Science

Chapter 13 Vocabulary - The Nature of Storms

TermDefinition
air-mass thunderstorms type of thunderstorm in which air rises because of unequal heating of Earth's surface within a single air mass and is most common during the afternoon and evening
frontal thunderstorms a thunderstorm that is produced by advancing cold fronts and, more rarely, warm fronts
sea-breeze thunderstorms local air-mass thunderstorms that occur because land and water store and release thermal energy differently
donwbursts a localized area of strong winds in a downdraft beneath a severe thunderstorm
Fujita Tornado Intensity Scale scale used to rate a tornado's intensity
supercell extremely powerful, self-sustaining thunderstorm characterized by intense, rotating updrafts
lightning a sudden spark, or energy discharge, caused when electrical charges jump between parts of a cloud, between nearby clouds, or between a cloud and the ground
tornado a mobile, destructive vortex of violently rotating winds having the appearance of a funnel-shaped cloud and advancing beneath a large storm system
hurricane a severe storm that develops over tropical oceans and whose strong winds of more than 120 km/h
cold wave extended period of below average temperatures caused by large, high pressure systems of continental polar or arctic origin
drought a long period of dry weather; a long period of low precipitation
eye center of a hurricane where air is calm
eyewall they are a tall band of strong winds and dense clouds that surround the eye and is usually the part of the cyclone with the strongest wind
heat wave a prolonged period of extensively hot weather
Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale classifies hurricanes according to wind speed, air pressure in the center, and potential for property damage
storm surge a dome of water that seeps across the coast where a hurricane lands
tropical cyclone a severe storm with high winds that spiral around a calm center
wind-chill factor a measure of cooling combining temperature and wind speed
Created by: Ms.Sala
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