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PCS Earth Science

Chapter 12 Vocabulary - Meteorology

TermDefinition
meteorology science dealing with the atmosphere and weather
weather the condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place
climate overall weather in an area over a long period of time
air mass a huge body of air that has similar temperature, humidity, and air pressure at any given height
air mass modification the exchange of heat or moisture with the surface over which an air mass travels
coriolis effect causes moving air and water to turn left in the southern hemisphere and turn right in the northern hemisphere due to Earth's hemisphere
trade winds prevailing winds that blow northeast from 30 degrees north latitude to the equator and that blow southeast from 30 degrees south latitude to the equator
prevailing westerlies the constant flow of air from west to east in the temperature zones of the earth
polar easterlies prevailing winds that blow from east to west between 60 degrees and 90 degrees latitude in both hemispheres
jet stream a high speed, high altitude air stream blowing from west to east near the top of the troposphere
front a boundary between two air masses
thermometer an instrument used to measure temperature
barometer an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure
anemometer an instrument used to measure wind speed
hygrometer measures relative humidity
ceilometer instrument for measuring height of cloud ceiling above earth
doppler effect an observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving; the change in frequency of a wave as its source moves in relation to an observer
station model indicates weather conditions at a specific location, using a combination of symbols on a map
isopleths lines that connect points of equal or constant values
isobar a line drawn to connect points of equal atmospheric pressure
isotherm line drawn on a weather map that connects points having equal temperature
digital forecast created by applying physical principles and mathematics to atmospheric variable and then making a prediction about how these variables will change over time
analog forecast based on a comparison of current weather patterns to similar weather patterns form the past
raidosonde investigate weather conditions in the upper atmophere
Created by: Ms.Sala
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