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Ch. 7 & 11
Envi Science Impastato/Hodge
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are 3 functions of wetlands? | 1) absorb pollutants 2) traps carbon 3) flood control |
| Where do estuaries receive their nutrients from? | ocean tide & river sediment |
| What's the number 1 cause of coastal pollution? | runoff (sediment build up) |
| Where is most marine life found? | shallow, coastal waters |
| What are 3 major threats to ocean ecosystems? | overfishing, oil spills, and pollution |
| What factors determine where living things live in ponds and lakes? | temperature, sunlight, oxygen, nutrients |
| What are shallow zones of water, near the shores? | littoral zones |
| What are organisms that float near the surface of waters? | plankton |
| What are the free- swimming organisms found in water? | nekton |
| What are the bottom-dwelling organisms found in water known as? | benthos |
| What is a place where fresh and salt water mix? | estuary |
| What organisms tends to be the base of all aquatic food chains? | phytoplankton |
| What are limestone ridges built by coral polyps and algae? They are the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. | coral reefs |
| What are 2 main freshwater wetlands? | marshes and swamps |
| What is the amount of dissolved salts in water known as? | salinity |
| What are 3 threats to coral reefs? | climate change, oil spills, and runoff pollution |
| Why doesn't photosynthesis occur in deep ocean water? | because sunlight does not reach deep ocean water |
| What is all the freshwater on Earth's land known as? | surface water |
| What are 3 examples of surface water? | lakes, ponds, rivers |
| What is the water beneath earth's surface in spaces of sediment and rock? | ground water |
| Why do treatment plants add chlorine to the water? | to kill the bacteria and pathogens |
| How does industry use freshwater in their processes? | to manufacture goods, dispose waste, and generate power |
| What's the largest watershed in the US? | Mississippi |
| What is pollution discharged from a single source? | point source pollution |
| What are 3 examples of point source pollution? | 1) leaking septic tanks 2) unlined landfills 3)leaking underground storage tanks that have chemicals or fuel |
| What is also known as "runoff pollution" that comes from MANY different sources, that is often hard to identify? | non-point source pollution |
| What are 3 examples of non-point source pollution? | 1) water runoff from cities 2) pesticides & fertilizers from lawns, farms, etc 3) soil runoff from farms and construction sites |
| What is an underground body of rock that stores groundwater? | aquifer |
| What is it called when industries discharge warm water into lakes or rivers? | thermal pollution |
| What is the process that increases amount of nutrients in the water through human activity, such as waste disposal and land drainage? | artificial eutrophication |
| What is the accumulation of pollutants at successive levels of the food chain? | biomagnification |
| What's an area of land through which water percolated to be stored as groundwater known as? | recharge zone |
| What's a hole that is dug or drilled to reach ground water? | wells |
| What is build across rivers to control river flow? | dams |
| What is open spaces between rock that allows for water flow called? | porosity |
| What is the ability of rocks or soil to allow water to flow through it? | permeability |
| What are 2 threats to river ecosystems? | 1) industries runoff (pesticides, fertilizer) 2) dams |
| What are 5 primary pollutants of water? | 1) pathogens 2) organic matter 3) organic chemicals 4) inorganic chemicals 5) heavy metals 6) physical agents |
| What percentage of ocean pollution is caused from a direct spill of an oil tanker? | 5% |
| Why is polluted groundwater hard to clean? | 1) Ground water recharges slowly 2) Water is dispersed through large areas of rock and can cling to rock surfaces |
| Where does 85% of ocean pollution comes from? | land sources |
| What are disease causing organisms? | pathogens |
| How much water does the Ogallala Aquifer supply to the US? | supplies 1/3 of groundwater used in US |
| What does potable water mean? | drinkable water |
Created by:
dcrovato
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