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7th U 3-1 Science
Organic Fuels
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The molecule adenosine triphosphate, or ___, transports chemical energy within the cell. | ATP |
| Three types of large food molecules are __, __, and __. | Proteins, sugars, and fats |
| The process of breaking down food to produce energy rich ATP molecules is called ___. | Cellular respiration |
| Photosynthetic organisms such as ___ use the sun's light energy, carbon dioxide, and water to make energy-rich sugar molecules that the plant cells can use later. | Plants |
| Cellular respiration happens in the mitochondria of ___ cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. | Eukaryotic |
| ___ molecules store energy in a form that body cells can use directly. | ATP |
| As ATP breaks down, it releases ___ in a form cells can use. | Energy |
| Large molecules store lots of chemical energy. Energy is released when these bonds are broken during ___. | Digestion |
| Cellular respiration happens in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of ___ cells. | Prokaryotic |
| ___ happens in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. | Cellular respiration |
| ___ are large organic molecules that determine the genetic traits of organisms. | Nucleic acids |
| Cellular respiration happens in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and in the __ of prokaryotic cells. | Cytoplasm |
| Large ___ store lots of chemical energy. Energy is released when these bonds are broken during digestion. | Molecules |
| As your body digests proteins, they break down into amino acids. In the cell, free amino acids join together with the help of ___ to make cell proteins. | Ribosomes |
| Name three types of food that are proteins. | Eggs, fish, meat, nuts and legumes |
| Large molecules store lots of __. Energy is released when these bonds are broken during digestion. This process of breaking down food to produce energy rich ATP molecules is called cellular respiration. Cellular respiration happen in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. | ATP |
| A simple ___ such as the fruit sugar fructose, is made of only one type of sugar molecule. | Carbohydrates |
| Large molecules store lots of ATP. Energy is released when these bonds are broken during digestion. This process of breaking down food to produce energy rich ATP ___ is called cellular respiration. Cellular respiration happen in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. | Molecules |
| ___ are needed in the body for growth, repair, transport and digestion. They are also an important part of the cell membrane. | Proteins |
| An ___ is a chemical compound that contains carbon atoms. All organic compounds must contain carbon atoms. | Organic compound |
| Complex carbohydrates, called starches, are found in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Starches are made up of many simple ___molecules linked together. | Sugar |
| Molecules including sugars, starches and fiber are ___. | Carbohydrates |
| Large molecules store lots of ___ energy. Energy is released when these bonds are broken during digestion. | Chemical |
| Proteins are needed in the body for ___, ___, transport and digestion. They are also an important part of the cell membrane. | Growth, repair |
| An organic compound is a __ compound that contains carbon atoms. All organic compounds must contain carbon atoms. | Chemical |
| ___ is a carbon-containing compounds that are not considered organic. | Carbon monoxide |
| Large molecules store lots of __. Energy is released when these bonds are broken during digestion. This process of breaking down food to produce energy rich ATP molecules is called cellular respiration. | Chemical energy |
| All __ are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. ___ are large molecules made up of smaller molecules called amino acids. | Proteins |
| An organic compound is a chemical compound that contains ___ atoms. All organic compounds must contain ___ atoms. | Carbon |
| ___, called starches, are found in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Starches are made up of many simple sugar molecules linked together. | Complex carbohydrates |
| Large molecules store lots of ATP. Energy is released when these bonds are broken during __. This process of breaking down food to produce energy rich ATP molecules is called cellular respiration. Cellular respiration happen in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. | Digestion |
| An organic compound is a chemical compound that contains ___ atoms. All organic compounds must contain ___ atoms. | Proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids |
| __ such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids are organic molecules. | Nutrients |
| All proteins are composed of carbon, __, __, and ___. | Hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen |
| All proteins are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Proteins are large molecules made up of smaller molecules called ___. As your body digests proteins, they break down into ___. | Amino acids |
| Large molecules store lots of ATP. Energy is released when these bonds are broken during digestion. This process of breaking down food to produce energy rich ATP molecules is called ___. ___ happen in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. | Cellular respiration |
| Nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids are __molecules. | Organic |
| Organic compounds usually contain other elements besides carbon. ___ is the most common element bonded to carbon in organic compounds. | Hydrogen |
| Complex carbohydrates, called ___, are found in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. ___ are made up of many simple sugar molecules linked together. | Starches |
| ___ release more energy than simple carbohydrates do when they get broken down in the body. | Complex carbohydrates |
| Fats are usually solid, and lipids are ___. Certain lipids act as signaling molecules inside cells. These lipids carry information between cells. They are also energy storage molecules in animal and plant cells. | Liquids |
| Glycogen, a type of complex carbohydrate, is an ___ molecule in certain body cells. | Energy storage |
| ___, a type of complex carbohydrate, is an energy storage molecule in certain body cells. | Glycogen |
| Complex carbohydrates release more energy than___ do when they get broken down in the body. | Simple carbohydrates |
| Molecules including fats, oils, waxes and phospholipids are called ___. They contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms arranged in branching chains. | Lipids |
| A special type of lipid, called a ___. Informs the cell membrane and the membrane of organelles. They have a tail region that repels water like other lipids, and a head region that contains phosphorus and is attracted to water. | Phospholipid |
| DNA and RNA are the two types of large molecules found in cells. __ are large organic molecules that determine the genetic traits of organisms. | Nucleic Acids |
| ___ are the two types of large molecules found in cells. Nucleic acids are large organic molecules that determine the genetic traits of organisms. | DNA and RNA |
| Small units of nucleic acids are called ___. A strand of these bonded to a backbone of sugar and phosphate molecules forms a strand of DNA. | Nucleotide |
| RNA molecules are also composed of nucleotides, phosphates, and sugar. RNA strands are shorter than DNA strands. The series of nucleotides in DNA act as a code to build RNA. The series of nucleotides in RNA is the code needed for cells to make specific ___. | Proteins |
| Nucleic acids are large organic molecules that determine the ___traits of organisms. | genetic |
| A special type of lipid, called a phospholipid, forms the cell membrane and the membrane of organelles. They have a tail region that repels __ like other lipids, and a head region that contains phosphorus and is attracted to water. | Water |
| Cellular respiration happens in the __ of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. | Mitochondria |
| A molecule that cannot mix wiwth water is called a ___. | Lipid |
Created by:
wmeeks
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