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Bio chapter 3-5
Bio chapters 3-5 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ecology | the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their enviornment, or surroundings. |
| Biosphere | part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air, or atmosphere |
| Species | A group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| Population | Groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area |
| Community | Assemblages of different populations that live together in a defined area (does not include dead matter) |
| Ecosystem | A collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their non-living, or physical, enviornment. (included dead matter) |
| Biome | A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities |
| Autotroph/Producer | Organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds. |
| Photosynthesis | Process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to power chemical reactions that convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high energy carbohydrates |
| Chemosynthesis | Process by which some organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates |
| Heterotroph/Consumer | Organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply |
| Herbivore/ Primary Consumer | Organisms that obtain energy by eating only plants |
| Carnivore/ Secondary Consumer | Organisms that obtain enery by eating only animals |
| Omnivore | Organisms that obtain energy by eating plants and animals |
| Detritivore | Organisms that feed on plant and animal remains and other dead matter |
| Decomposer | Organisms that break down and obtain energy from dead, organic matter |
| Food Chain | A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
| Food Web | Network of complex ineractions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem |
| Trophic Level | A step in a food chain or food web |
| Biomass | The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level |
| Ecological Pyramid | A diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a food chain, or food web. |
| Biotic factors | the biological influences on organisms within an ecosystem |
| Abiotic factors | physical, or non living, factors that shape ecosystems |
| Niche | the full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions |
| Competitive Exclusion Principle | states that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same location |
| Predation | an interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism |
| Symbiosis | any relationship in which two species live closely together |
| Ecological succession | gradual change in living communities that follows a disturbance |
| Primary Succession | succession that occurs on surfaces where no soil exists |
| Secondary Succession | succession following a disturbance that destroys a community without destroying the soil |
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spazzoid103
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