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Cell Organelles
vocabulary word
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell (plasma) membrane | the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell |
| Cytoplasm | the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus. |
| Nucleus | In cell biology, the nucleus is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells |
| Nucleous | The nucleolus is a round body located inside the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell |
| Nuclear membrane | A nuclear membrane, also known as the nuclear envelope, is the lipid bilayer membrane which surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus in eukaryotic cells. |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis. |
| Ribosomes | A sphere-shaped structure within the cytoplasm of a cell that is composed of RNA and protein and is the site of protein synthesis. |
| Mitochondria | an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur |
| Golgi body | a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular transport. |
| Centrioles | a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division. |
| Vacuole | A cavity within the cytoplasm of a cell, surrounded by a single membrane and containing fluid, food, or metabolic waste |
| Lysosome | an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane. |
| Peroxisome | a cell organelle containing catalase, peroxidase, and other oxidative enzymes and performing essential metabolic functions, as the decomposition of fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide. |
| Chloroplasts | Chloroplast is the combination of two biological terms, plastid and chloros, which means green. |
| Cell wall | a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose. |
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