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Chapter 5- The Integ
umentary System and Body Membranes- Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| apocrine sweat gland | sweat glands located in the axilla and genital regions; these glands enlarge and begin to function at puberty |
| arrector pili | smooth muscles of the skin, which are attached to hair follicles; when contraction occurs, the hair stands up, resulting in "goose flesh" |
| blister | a baglike poin on the skin caused by some irritant, usually full of fluid |
| bursae | small, cushion-like sacs found between moving body parts, making movement easier |
| cutaneous | pertaining to the skin |
| cuticle | skin fold covering the root of the nail |
| cyanosis | bluish appearance of the skin causedby deficient oxygenation of the blood |
| dehydration | excessive loss of body water; the most common fluid imbalance; an abnormally low volume of one or more body fluids |
| dermis | the deeper of the two major layers of the skin, composed of dense fibrous connective tissue interspersed with glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels; sometimes called the true skin |
| eccrine sweat gland | small sweat glands distributed over the total body surface |
| epidermis | "false" skin; outermost layer of the skin |
| follicle | specialized structures required for hair growth |
| hypodermis | the loose, ordinary (areolar) tissue just under the skin and superficial to the muscles; also called subcutaneous tissue or superficial fascia |
| Kaposi sarcoma (KS) | a malignant neoplasm (cancer) of the skin characterized by purplish spots |
| keratin | protein substance found in hair, nails, outer skin cells, and horny tissues |
| Krause's end bulbs | skin receptor that detects sensations of cold |
| lanugo | the extremely fine and soft hair found on a newborn infant |
| malignant melanoma | a malignant neoplasm (cancer) of the pigment-producing cells of the skin (melanocytes); also called melanoma |
| Meissner's corpuscle | a sensory receptor located in the skin close to the surface that detects light touch |
| melanin | brown skin pigment |
| melanocyte | specialized cells in the pigment layer that produce melanin |
| mucocutaneous junction | the transitional area where the skin and mucous membrane meet |
| mucous membrane | epithelial membranes that line body surfaces opening directly to the exterior and secrete a thick, slippery material called mucus |
| mucus | thick, slippery material that is secreted by the mucous membrane and that keeps the membrane moist |
| Pacinian corpuscle | a receptor found deep in the dermis that detects pressure on the skin surface |
| papillae | small, nipple-shaped elevations |
| parietal | of the walls of an organ or cavity |
| peritoneum | large, moist, slippery sheet of serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity (parietal layer) and its organs (visceral layer) |
| peritonitis | inflammation of the serous membranes in the abdominopelvic cavity; sometimes a serious complication of an infected appendix |
| pleura | the serous membrane in the thoracic cavity |
| pleurisy | inflammation of the pleura |
| sebaceous gland | oil-producing glands found in the skin |
| serous membrane | a two-layered epithelial membrane that lines body cavities and covers the surfaces of organs |
| stratum corneum | the tough outer layer of the epidermis; cells are filled with keratin |
| subcutaneous | tissue below the layers of skin; made up of loose connective tissue and fat |
| sudoriferous gland | glands that secrete sweat; also referred to as sweat glands |
| synovial membrane | connective tissue membrane lining the spaces between bones and joints that secretes synovial fluid |
| tinea pedis | athlete's foot, a fungal infection of the skin characterized by redness and itching |
| visceral portion | serous membrane that covers the surface of organs found in the body cavity |
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