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Ch 7 Learning
Basic concepts of learning
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Operant Conditioning | Learning. Behavior strengthened followed by reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher. We associate our own actions w/ consequences. |
| Law of Effect | Thorndike's idea that Rewarded Behavior Tends to Recur. |
| Reinforcement | Any consequence that strengthens /increases a behavior. |
| Positive Reinforcement | A desirable stimulus is added. Pet a dog who comes when you call it. |
| Negative Reinformanct | Something that provides relief. Remove an aversive stimulus |
| Punishment | Any consequence tends to decrease the behavior of the behavior it follows. |
| Supporters and Researchers of non-violent parenting: found 4 major draw-backs of physical punishment | True or False |
| 1. Punished behavior is suppressed, not forgotten | True or False |
| 2. Punishment teaches discrimination among situations. | True or False |
| 3. Punishment can teach fear. | True or False |
| 4. Physical punishment may increase aggression by modeling violence as a way of coping with problems. | True or False |
| Limits of Classical Conditioning: | Our learning results not only from environmental experiences, but also from cognitive and biological influences. |
| Limits on Operant Conditioning | We most easily and retain behaviors that reflect our biological predispositions. Biological constraints predispose us to learn associations that are naturally adaptive. |
| A mental representation of the layouts of one's environment. | Cognitive map |
| Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it. Learn it now, use it later. | Latent learning |
| A desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake. | Intrinsic motivation |
| A desire to perform a behavior to receive promised rewards or avoid threatened punishment. | Extrinsic motivation |
| Positive, constructive, helpful behavior. This non-violent action is powerful. | Prosocial behavior |
| Repeated viewing of media violence | Dulls viewers' sensitivity to violence. Desensitizes people; we become more indifferent; Watching cruelty fosters indifference. Violence viewing effect. |
| Children who often receive physical punishment tend to display more aggression, and often become more aggressive over time. | Antisocial Effects on Behavior. |
Created by:
Pat46
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