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Genetics Test Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Heredity | Is the passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring |
| Trait | A characteristics that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes, such as stem height or seed color |
| Genetics | The scientific study of heredity |
| Fertilization | The process in which an egg cell and a sperm cell join to form a new organism |
| Purebred | An offspring of many generations that have the same trait |
| Gene | A segment of DNA on a chromosome that control a trait |
| Alleles | Are the different forms of a gene |
| Dominant Allele | Is one whose trait always shows up in the organisms when the allele is present. |
| Recessive Allele | Is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present |
| Punnet Square | Is a chart that shows all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross, and to determine the possibility of a particular outcome |
| Phenotype | An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits |
| Genotype | An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combination |
| Homozygous | An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait |
| Heterozygous | An organism that has to different alleles |
| Codominance | A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive. Both alleles are expressed in the offspring. |
| Meiosis | Is the process by which chromosome pairs separate and are distributed to two different cells. The resulting sex cells have half the number of chromosomes as other cells in the organism. |
| Mutation | A change in a gene or chromosome |
| SS or Ss or ss | Genotype |
| Smooth pods or Pinched pods | Phenotype |
| Some alleles are _____________, while other alleles are _________________. | dominant, recessive |
| An organism's traits are controlled by the ______________ inherited from its parents. | Alleles |
| Probability | Is the likelihood that a particular event will occur |
| Hybrid | An organism that has two different alleles for a trait (Heterozygous) |
| True or False? The allele that each parent will pass on to its offspring is based on probability. | True |
| True or False? In codominance, the alleles are both dominant and recessive . | False (it is neither) |
| Chromosome Theory of Inheritance | States that genes are carried from parents to their offspring on chromosomes. |
| Chromosomes | contains DNA that carries genetic information. |
Created by:
Achenry45
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