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Waves, Water erosion
Waves and Water erosion! Have fun learning!
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Impact | The force of waves striking rocks causing small cracks to get larger & pieces to break off |
| Abrasion | Waves pick up sediment in shallow water & wear away (grind) the rock like sand paper |
| Beaches | Form from sediment carried to the oceans by rivers |
| Barrier island | A long, narrow island that forms along the coast. They protect the coast by absorbing emergency of waves and storms |
| Beach | An area of wave-washed sediment |
| Sea caves | Hollow areas in rock created by waves |
| Sea arch | Forms when waves erode layer of soft rock that is under a layer of hard rock |
| Sea stack | Pillars of rock rising above the water |
| Deflation | The main way that wind cause erosion |
| Geologist define deflation as | The process by which wind removes surface material |
| Abrasion by wind-carried sand can | Polish rocks but it causes little erosion |
| Glacier | Any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land |
| Valley Glaciers and Continental Glacier | The two kinds of glacier |
| Plucking | The process in which rock fragments freeze to the bottom of a glacier and are carried when the glacier moves |
| Abrasion | The gouging and scartching of bedrock by rocks attached to the moving glacier |
| Valley Glacier | A long narrow glacier that forms when snow and ice buildup high on a mountain valley |
| Valley glaciers form | U-shaped valleys |
| Moraine | A ridge of sediment and rock left behind when a glacier melts |
| Kettle | A small depression that forms when a chunk of ice is left in glacial till |
| Water | Is the major agent of erosion that has shaped Earth’s surface |
| Runoff | Rain the moves across the land because it is not absorbed into the soil |
| Amount of rain | An area receive |
| Vegetation | Grasses, shrubs and trees reduce runoff |
| Soil | Absorb more water than others |
| Shape of the land | Steep slopes have more run-off, which causes more erosion |
| People used the land | Parking lots, crop removal increase run off |
| Rills | As runoff travels it forms tiny grooves in the soil |
| Gullies | As rills cut the soil and flow together |
| Gully | Large groove or channel |
| Streams | Channels in which Water is continually flowing down a slope |
| Rivers | Large streams |
| Streams and rivers grow by | Receiving water from tributaries |
| Tributary | A stream that flows into a larger stream |
| Watershed | Or drainage basin, is the area of land that is drained by a water system |
| A divide | A ridge of land that supersets different watersheds. |
| V-shaped valley | Formed by steep slopes that erode rapidly due to a fast-moving river |
| Waterfall | Forms where a river meets an area of very hard rock that erodes slowly and breaks when softer rock beneath erodes away |
| Flood pain | The flat, wide area of land along a river that forms from sediment deposited when a river overflows it’s banks |
| Meander | A river flowing across a wide flood pain forms looping bends through eroded rocks and sediment |
| Oxbow lake | A crescent-shaped body of water; formed from a meander that has been cut off from the river |
| Alluvial Fan | A fan shaped deposit of sediment made when a rivers deposit their loads on dry land |
| Groundwater | Groundwater is what geologists used to describe underground water |
| Stalactites | Calcite depositsthat hang from the cave’s roof like icicles |
| Stalagmites | Cone-shaped calcite deposits that build up from the cave floor |
Created by:
KingKevin
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