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sed. and meta. rocks

sedimentary and metamorphic rocks

TermDefinition
bedding horizontal layering in sedimentary rock that can range from a millimeter thick to several meters thick.
cementation process of sedimentary rock formation that occurs when dissolved minerals precipitate out of groundwater and either a new mineral grow between the sediment grains or the same minerals grows between and over the grains.
clastic describes rock and minerals fragments produced by weathering and erosion and classified according to particle size and shape.
cross-bedding depositional feature of sedimentary rock that forms as inclined layers of sediment are carried forward across a horizontal surface.
deposition occurs when sediments are laid down on the ground or sink to the bottom of a body of water
graded bedding depositional feature of sedimentary rock in which particles are progressively heavier and coarser toward the bottom layers of bedding.
lithiification transformations of sediments into rock through compaction and cementation.
sediment solid particles deposited on Earth's surface that can form sedimentary rocks by processes such as weather, erosion, deposition and lithification.
clastic sedimentary rock most common type of sedimentary rock, such as breccia, sandstone, and shale, formed by lithification of clastic sediments.
evaporite chemical sedimentary rock that forms mainly in restricted ocean basins in areas with high evaporation rates.
porosity percentage of open spaces between grains in a rock.
contact metamorphism local effect that occurs when molten rock meets solid rock
foliated metamorphic rock, such as schist or gneiss, whose minerals are squeezed under high pressure and arranged in wavy layers and bands
hydrothermal metamorphism occurs when very hot water reacts with rock, altering its mineralogy and chemistry.
nonfoliated metamorphic rock that lacks mineral grains with long axes in one direction.
porphyroblast large crystals that form in solid rock by the reorganization of atoms during metamorphism
regional metamorphism process that affects large areas of Earth's crust, producing belts classified as low, medium or high grade, depending on pressure on the rocks, temperature , and depth below the surface.
rock cycle continuous, dynamic set of processes by which rocks are changed into other types of rock
Created by: mrsklann
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